Applied Digital Corp. 2026年Q3净亏损1.84亿美元
Applied Digital Corp. (0001144879) (Filer)
Applied Digital Corp. 2026年第三季度净亏损1.84亿美元，总资产达117.07亿美元，总负债79.07亿美元。公司面临重大债务义务和法律诉讼风险，包括证券集体诉讼和衍生诉讼。
Applied Digital Corp. reported a significant net loss of $184.055 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026, with substantial debt obligations and legal risks.
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________________
FORM 10-Q
________________________
(Mark One)
| ☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | ||||
For the quarterly period ended August 31, 2026
OR
| o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | ||||
For the transition period from ________ and __________
Commission file number: 001-31968
________________________
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
________________________
| Nevada | 95-4863690 | ||||
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | ||||
3811 Turtle Creek Boulevard, Suite 2100, Dallas, Texas | 75219 | ||||
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) | ||||
(214) 427-1704
Registrant's telephone number, including area code
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share | APLD | Nasdaq Global Select Market | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | x | Accelerated filer | o | |||||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | o | Smaller reporting company | o | |||||||||||
| Emerging growth company | o | |||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
As of October 6, 2026, 302,387,140 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, were outstanding.
Table of Contents
Part I - Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and par value data)
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,949,909 | $ | 1,591,988 | |||||||
Restricted cash | 313,385 | 2,381,027 | |||||||||
| Accounts receivable | 114,110 | 56,309 | |||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (1) | 685,638 | 613,692 | |||||||||
| Current assets held for sale | 19,366 | 19,841 | |||||||||
| Total current assets | 4,082,408 | 4,662,857 | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 6,330,411 | 4,236,300 | |||||||||
| Operating lease right of use assets, net | 72,250 | 76,922 | |||||||||
| Finance lease right of use assets, net | 109,887 | 122,523 | |||||||||
| Other assets | 1,112,220 | 830,710 | |||||||||
| TOTAL ASSETS | $ | 11,707,176 | $ | 9,929,312 | |||||||
| LIABILITIES, TEMPORARY EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 336,865 | $ | 395,474 | |||||||
| Accrued liabilities | 850,355 | 548,493 | |||||||||
| Current portion of operating lease liability | 19,199 | 18,484 | |||||||||
| Current portion of finance lease liability | 43,490 | 47,585 | |||||||||
| Current portion of debt | 112,645 | 16,422 | |||||||||
| Customer deposits | 16,752 | 16,752 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 39,217 | 4,666 | |||||||||
| Due to customer | 11,448 | 10,065 | |||||||||
| Current liabilities held-for-sale | 4,988 | 7,426 | |||||||||
| Other current liabilities | 158,273 | 97,489 | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 1,593,232 | 1,162,856 | |||||||||
| Long-term deferred revenue | 107 | — | |||||||||
| Long-term portion of operating lease liability | 41,670 | 47,178 | |||||||||
| Long-term portion of finance lease liability | 2,457 | 10,731 | |||||||||
| Long-term debt | 6,263,947 | 4,959,516 | |||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | 5,432 | 5,454 | |||||||||
| Total liabilities | 7,906,845 | 6,185,735 | |||||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 18) | |||||||||||
| Temporary equity | |||||||||||
Series E preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at August 31, 2026, and 276,673 shares issued and outstanding at May 31, 2026 | — | 6,306 | |||||||||
Series E-1 preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 62,500 shares authorized, 61,831 shares issued and outstanding at August 31, 2026, and 61,909 shares issued and outstanding at May 31, 2026 | 56,373 | 56,460 | |||||||||
Series G preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 1,030,000 shares authorized, 128,750 shares issued and outstanding at August 31, 2026, and no shares issued and outstanding at May 31, 2026 | 124,929 | — | |||||||||
Redeemable noncontrolling interest | 2,010,873 | 1,956,303 | |||||||||
| Stockholders' equity: | |||||||||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized, 304,232,295 shares issued and 297,066,995 shares outstanding at August 31, 2026, and 295,048,903 shares issued and 287,883,603 shares outstanding at May 31, 2026 | 305 | 296 | |||||||||
Treasury stock, 7,165,300 shares at August 31, 2026 and 7,165,300 shares at May 31, 2026, at cost | (52,737) | (52,737) | |||||||||
| Additional paid in capital | 2,492,725 | 2,432,250 | |||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (837,821) | (662,333) | |||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity attributable to Applied Digital Corporation | 1,602,472 | 1,717,476 | |||||||||
| Noncontrolling interest | 5,684 | 7,032 | |||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity including noncontrolling interest | 1,608,156 | 1,724,508 | |||||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES, TEMPORARY EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | $ | 11,707,176 | $ | 9,929,312 | |||||||
(1)Includes a related party receivable of $59.3 million and $58.6 million as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026, respectively. See Note 7 - Related Party Transactions for further discussion.
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
1
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services and other revenue | $ | 262,755 | $ | 80,934 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data center rental and other revenue | 79,120 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 341,875 | 80,934 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services and other cost of revenue | 245,709 | 58,831 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data center rental and other cost of revenue | 43,862 | 140 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative (1) | 114,683 | 29,482 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on abandonment of assets | — | 2,243 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total costs and expenses | 404,254 | 90,696 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss | (62,379) | (9,762) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 77,383 | 8,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income (2) | (35,821) | (857) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of derivatives | 49,511 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of investment | 11,352 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense, net | 1,311 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss before income tax expense | (166,115) | (16,918) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | 1,886 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | (168,001) | (16,926) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from discontinued operations | (16,054) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | (184,055) | (16,926) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest | (51,484) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends | (1,543) | (1,576) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | $ | (237,082) | $ | (18,502) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | (221,028) | $ | (18,502) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | (16,054) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | $ | (237,082) | $ | (18,502) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | (0.76) | $ | (0.07) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | (0.06) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders | $ | (0.82) | $ | (0.07) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding | 291,557,618 | 255,892,902 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes related party selling, general and administrative expense of $49.7 thousand and $74.3 thousand for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively. See Note 7 - Related Party Transactions for further discussion of related party transactions.
(2)Includes related party income of $0.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026. See Note 7 - Related Party Transactions for further discussion of related party transactions.
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
2
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Temporary Equity and Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
For the Three Months ended August 31, 2026
(In thousands, except share data)
| Temporary Equity | Permanent Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred Stock (1) | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest | Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional Paid in Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Stockholders’ Equity | Noncontrolling Interest | Total Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, May 31, 2026 | 338,582 | $ | 62,766 | $ | 1,956,303 | 295,048,903 | $ | 296 | (7,165,300) | $ | (52,737) | $ | 2,432,250 | $ | (662,333) | $ | 1,717,476 | $ | 7,032 | $ | 1,724,508 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock from stock compensation plans | — | — | — | 4,730,140 | 5 | — | — | (5) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (99,413) | — | (99,413) | — | (99,413) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Preferred Stock, net of costs | 283,250 | 274,850 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Preferred Stock | (154,500) | (149,921) | — | 4,453,252 | 4 | — | — | 149,917 | — | 149,921 | — | 149,921 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redemption of Preferred Stock | (276,751) | (6,393) | — | — | — | — | — | (603) | — | (603) | — | (603) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock dividends | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (1,543) | — | (1,543) | — | (1,543) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contributions from noncontrolling interest, net of costs | — | — | 1,349 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interest preferred stock dividends | — | — | 60,051 | — | — | — | — | (60,051) | — | (60,051) | — | (60,051) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 69,164 | — | 69,164 | — | 69,164 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of equity by subsidiary, net of costs | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3,009 | — | 3,009 | 389 | 3,398 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | (6,830) | — | — | — | — | — | (175,488) | (175,488) | (1,737) | (177,225) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, August 31, 2026 | 190,581 | $ | 181,302 | $ | 2,010,873 | 304,232,295 | $ | 305 | (7,165,300) | $ | (52,737) | $ | 2,492,725 | $ | (837,821) | $ | 1,602,472 | $ | 5,684 | $ | 1,608,156 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)See Note 16 - Temporary Equity for further discussion of preferred stock activity.
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
3
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Temporary Equity and Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
For the Three Months ended August 31, 2025
(In thousands, except share data)
| Temporary Equity | Permanent Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred Stock (1) | Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional Paid in Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, May 31, 2025 | 442,158 | $ | 136,037 | 234,200,868 | $ | 230 | (9,291,199) | $ | (31,400) | $ | 1,009,913 | $ | (481,055) | $ | 497,688 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock from stock compensation plans | — | — | 897,022 | 1 | — | — | (1) | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting | — | — | — | — | — | — | (4,497) | — | (4,497) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Preferred Stock, net of costs | 180,000 | 170,396 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued in offering, net of costs | — | — | 15,320,373 | 15 | — | — | 190,406 | — | 190,421 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of warrants | — | — | 188 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of warrants, at fair value | — | — | — | — | — | — | 121,204 | — | 121,204 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Series G | (258,000) | (242,480) | 28,165,650 | 28 | — | — | 242,452 | — | 242,480 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred stock dividends | — | — | — | — | — | — | (1,576) | — | (1,576) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred stock redemption | (225) | (225) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15,465 | — | 15,465 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (16,926) | (16,926) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, August 31, 2025 | 363,933 | $ | 63,728 | 278,584,101 | $ | 274 | (9,291,199) | $ | (31,400) | $ | 1,573,367 | $ | (497,981) | $ | 1,044,260 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)See Note 16 - Temporary Equity for further discussion of preferred stock activity.
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
4
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (In thousands)
For the Three Months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (184,055) | $ | (16,926) | |||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 41,912 | 4,152 | |||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 66,499 | 15,465 | |||||||||
| Lease expense | 6,517 | 5,381 | |||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of derivatives | 49,511 | — | |||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of investment | 11,352 | — | |||||||||
| Amortization of debt issuance costs | 5,896 | 4,851 | |||||||||
| Loss on classification of held for sale | 14,126 | — | |||||||||
| Loss on abandonment of assets | — | 2,243 | |||||||||
| Gain on change in fair value of warrants | (22) | — | |||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable | (56,977) | (29,525) | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (47,786) | (6,962) | |||||||||
| Customer deposits | 107 | 627 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 34,480 | (2,316) | |||||||||
| Accounts payable | (7,981) | (77,784) | |||||||||
| Accrued liabilities | 106,701 | 28,684 | |||||||||
| Due to customer | 1,383 | (1,753) | |||||||||
| Lease assets and liabilities | 5,856 | (9,598) | |||||||||
| Other current liabilities | 1,886 | — | |||||||||
| Other assets | 14,516 | 1,930 | |||||||||
| CASH FLOW PROVIDED BY (USED IN) OPERATING ACTIVITIES | 63,921 | (81,531) | |||||||||
| CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment and other assets | (2,074,698) | (249,914) | |||||||||
Investment in companies | (8,181) | — | |||||||||
| CASH FLOW USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES | (2,082,879) | (249,914) | |||||||||
| CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Repayment of finance leases | (14,252) | (29,932) | |||||||||
| Borrowings of long-term debt | 1,648,500 | 65 | |||||||||
| Draw on revolver | 82,390 | — | |||||||||
| Repayments of long-term debt | (315,932) | (2,416) | |||||||||
| Payment of deferred financing costs | (28,879) | (1) | |||||||||
| Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting | (99,413) | (4,497) | |||||||||
| Noncontrolling interest issuance contributions | 1,349 | — | |||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock | — | 196,366 | |||||||||
| Common stock issuance costs | — | (5,945) | |||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock | 274,999 | 175,000 | |||||||||
| Preferred stock issuance costs | (149) | (4,604) | |||||||||
Redemption of preferred stock | (6,996) | (225) | |||||||||
| Dividends issued on preferred stock | (1,543) | (1,576) | |||||||||
Exercise of warrants | — | 1 | |||||||||
| Issuance of equity by subsidiary, net of costs | 3,398 | — | |||||||||
| CASH FLOW PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES | $ | 1,543,472 | $ | 322,236 | |||||||
| NET DECREASE IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH | $ | (475,486) | $ | (9,209) | |||||||
| CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH, BEGINNING OF PERIOD, INCLUDING CASH FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS | 4,153,431 | 123,318 | |||||||||
| CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH, END OF PERIOD, INCLUDING CASH FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS | 3,677,945 | 114,109 | |||||||||
| Less: CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS | 2 | — | |||||||||
| CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH FROM CONTINUED OPERATIONS | $ | 3,677,943 | $ | 114,109 | |||||||
5
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (In thousands)
For the Three Months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION | |||||||||||
| Interest paid | $ | 242,852 | $ | 9,039 | |||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Operating right-of-use assets obtained by lease obligation | $ | 5,497 | $ | — | |||||||
| Finance right-of-use assets obtained by lease obligation | $ | — | $ | 3,966 | |||||||
| Property and equipment in accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 142,284 | $ | 132,113 | |||||||
| Conversion of preferred stock to common stock | $ | 149,921 | $ | 242,480 | |||||||
| Issuance of warrants, at fair value | $ | — | $ | 121,204 | |||||||
Non-cash dividends paid in-kind | $ | 60,051 | $ | — | |||||||
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
6
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
1. Business and Basis of Presentation
Applied Digital Corporation (the “Company”) is a designer, builder, and operator of high-performance, sustainably engineered data centers and colocation services for artificial intelligence, cloud, networking, and blockchain workloads. The Company has two reportable segments. Financial information for each segment is contained in Note 19 - Business Segments.
All references to “Applied Digital Corporation,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” mean Applied Digital Corporation and its subsidiaries.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), including the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the Company's annual consolidated financial statements on Form 10-K have been condensed or omitted. The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of May 31, 2026 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures required for audited annual financial statements.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries and entities that meet the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary or entities that meet the definition of a voting interest entity (“VOE”). The Company consolidates a VIE where it has been determined that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the entity's operation in accordance with ASC Topic 810, Consolidations. The primary beneficiary is the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. In evaluating whether the Company is the primary beneficiary, the Company evaluates its power to direct the most significant activities of the VIE by considering the purpose and design of the entity and the risks the entity was designed to create and pass through to its variable interest holders. The Company also evaluates its economic interests in the VIE. See Note 12 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information related to the consolidation of investments. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
The Company consolidates the results of ChronoScale Holdings Corporation, the Company’s majority owned subsidiary (“ChronoScale”) under the voting interest model because the Company holds a controlling financial interest in ChronoScale. The ownership interests in ChronoScale not attributable to the Company are presented as noncontrolling interests in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
In the Company’s opinion, all necessary adjustments have been made for the fair presentation of the results of the interim periods presented. The results of operations for such interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. For further information, please refer to and read these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2026 filed with the SEC on July 29, 2026.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2026, except as disclosed herein.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to stock-based compensation, specifically the likelihood of timing and achievement of performance conditions to its performance stock units, contingencies, and those related to the fair value of warrants and the fair value of the
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
redeemable noncontrolling interest. Although these estimates are based on historical facts and various other assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
ChronoScale Revenue
Revenue associated with ChronoScale is accounted for under ASC 606. ChronoScale, a VOE consolidated by the Company in accordance with ASC 810, provides managed cloud infrastructure services to customers, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning developers, to help develop their advanced products. Customers pay a fixed rate to ChronoScale in exchange for managed cloud services supported by provided equipment. Revenues are recognized based on the fixed rate, net of any credits for non-performance, over the term of the agreements. During the three months ended August 31, 2026, the Company also completed certain one-time resale arrangements involving AI infrastructure, or GPU-related, hardware and ancillary support and maintenance services. Revenues from GPU hardware sales were recognized at a point-in-time, generally when control of the hardware transferred to the customer. Revenues from the related support and maintenance services were recognized on a net basis at a point-in-time, as the Company acted as an agent in the selling arrangement.
Segments
The Company has identified two reportable segments: data center hosting (“Data Center Hosting Business”) and high-performance compute hosting (“HPC Hosting Business”). These segments represent management's view of the business for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), which is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer.
Prior to the May 2026 business combination transaction (“Business Combination”) with Ekso Bionics Holdings, Inc., the Company identified its cloud services business operated through the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary Applied Digital Cloud Corporation (the “Cloud Services Business”) as a reportable segment. Following the transaction, pursuant to which the Cloud Services Business was contributed to Ekso Bionics Holdings, Inc. and became part of ChronoScale, ChronoScale is consolidated into the Company's financial statements; however, it is no longer identified by the Company as an operating or reportable segment because its activities are managed by a separate management team and its operating results are not regularly reviewed by the Company's CODM for purposes of resource allocation and performance assessment.
The Company's CODM evaluates performance and makes operating decisions primarily based on revenue and segment profit (loss), on a consolidated basis and for each of the Company's reportable segments. Operating results by segment include costs or expenses directly attributable to each segment, which include services and other cost of revenue, data center rental and other cost of revenue, and selling, general, and administrative expenses.
The Company does not allocate interest expense, interest income, loss on change in fair value of derivatives, loss on change in fair value of investment, other expense, net or income tax expense to these segments for internal reporting purposes, as the Company does not believe that allocating these expenses is beneficial in evaluating segment performance.
The Data Center Hosting Business operates data centers to provide energized space to crypto mining customers. Customer-owned hardware is installed in the Company’s facilities and the Company provides operational and maintenance services for a fixed fee.
The HPC Hosting Business designs, constructs, and operates next-generation data centers, which are designed to provide massive computing power and support HPC applications within a cost-effective model.
See Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2026, as filed with the SEC, for additional information regarding the Company’s significant accounting policies and use of estimates.
Reclassifications
During the quarter ended August 31, 2025, the Cloud Services Business was presented as discontinued operations and held for sale. However, during the quarter ended February 28, 2026, the Company determined that the Cloud Services Business
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
no longer qualified for held-for-sale and discontinued operations accounting as a result of entering into the Contribution and Exchange Agreement with Ekso Bionics Holdings, Inc. ("Ekso") pursuant to which the Cloud Services Business became a wholly owned subsidiary of Ekso. As a result, the Cloud Services Business was reclassified to continuing operations, with its assets and liabilities returned to their respective held-and-used balance sheet line items and prior-period financial statements retrospectively revised to reflect this presentation.
The Company has revised the presentation of revenue and cost of revenue within the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations to separately present services and other revenue and cost of revenue and data center rental and other revenue and cost of revenue. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These presentation changes had no impact on previously reported total revenue, total cost of revenue, or net loss.
During the quarter ended August 31, 2026, the Company has separately presented interest expense and interest income in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations as the individual amounts are material. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These presentation changes had no impact on previously reported net loss.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
The Company’s restricted cash balances consist of debt service reserves and letters of credit secured by cash. The debt service reserves are held in separate accounts and are to be used to fund interest and principal on senior secured notes during construction. See further discussion in Note 9 - Debt. These balances are held in a combination of money market funds and demand deposit accounts, each of which the Company considers to be Level 1 which the Company believes approximates fair value.
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash within the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets that are included in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026 were as follows (in thousands):
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,949,909 | $ | 1,591,988 | |||||||
Restricted cash | 313,385 | 2,381,027 | |||||||||
| Restricted cash included in other assets | 414,649 | 180,415 | |||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | $ | 3,677,943 | $ | 4,153,430 | |||||||
Assets Held For Sale
The Company generally considers assets to be held for sale when the following criteria are met: (i) management commits to a plan to sell the property, (ii) the property is available for sale immediately, (iii) management has initiated an active program to locate a buyer or buyers and other actions required to complete the plan to sell the disposal group, (iv) the sale of the property within one year is considered probable, (v) the property is actively being marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value and (vi) significant changes to the plan to sell are not expected. Property classified as held for sale is no longer depreciated and is reported at the lower of its carrying value or its estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment - Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. As of August 31, 2026, the Ekso business at ChronoScale met the held for sale criteria and was classified as such on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet (see Note 6 - Discontinued Operations) as well as $14.4 million of certain corporate assets. The sale of the Ekso business was completed on September 30, 2026. Refer to Note 21 - Subsequent Events for additional information regarding the sale of the Ekso business.
Discontinued Operations
The Company deems it appropriate to classify a business as a discontinued operation if the related disposal group meets all the following criteria: (i) the disposal group is a component of the Company, (ii) the component meets the held-for-sale criteria, and (iii) the disposal of the component represents a strategic shift that has a major effect on the Company's operations and financial results. As of August 31, 2026, the Ekso business at ChronoScale was deemed to be discontinued
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
operations due to meeting all three criteria (see Note 6 - Discontinued Operations). The sale of the Ekso business was completed on September 30, 2026. Refer to Note 21 - Subsequent Events for additional information regarding the sale of the Ekso business.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This ASU is intended to enhance transparency of income statement disclosures primarily through additional disaggregation of relevant expense captions. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-01, which revises the effective date of ASU No. 2024-03, to clarify that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The ASU allows prospective or retrospective application. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its financial statement presentation and disclosures and plans to adopt this pronouncement beginning with its fiscal year beginning June 1, 2027.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software. This ASU is intended to simplify the capitalization guidance by removing all references to software development project stages so that the guidance is neutral to different software development methods. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update permit an entity to apply the new guidance using a prospective, retrospective or modified transition approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its financial statements and plans to adopt this pronouncement beginning with its fiscal year beginning June 1, 2028.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270) Narrow-Scope Improvements. which is intended to improve the navigability of the guidance in ASC 270, Interim Reporting, and clarify when it applies. Under the amendments, an entity is subject to ASC 270 if it provides interim financial statements and notes in accordance with GAAP. ASU 2025-11 also addresses the form and content of such financial statements, interim disclosures requirements, and establishes a principle under which an entity must disclose events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have a material impact on the entity. ASU 2025-11 is effective for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its financial statements and plans to adopt this pronouncement beginning with its fiscal year beginning June 1, 2028.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-12, Codification Improvements. The amendments in this update are to make other incremental improvements to GAAP and facilitate codification updates for a broad range of Topics arising from technical corrections, unintended application of the codification, clarifications, and other minor improvements. The resulting amendments are collectively referred to as Codification improvements. ASU 2025-12 is effective for all entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2025-12 may have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and plans to adopt this pronouncement beginning with its fiscal year beginning June 1, 2027.
In April 2026, the FASB issued ASU 2026‑01, Equity (Topic 505): Initial Measurement of Paid‑in‑Kind Dividends on Equity‑Classified Preferred Stock. The ASU provides guidance on the initial measurement of paid‑in‑kind (“PIK”) dividends on equity‑classified preferred stock and does not affect the timing of dividend recognition. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this ASU may have on the Company's consolidated financial statements and plans to adopt this pronouncement beginning with its fiscal year beginning June 1, 2027.
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
3. Business Combination
On May 5, 2026, the Company, through APLD ChronoScale HoldCo LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary, (“Contributor”), completed the Business Combination pursuant to which Contributor contributed 100% of the equity interests of Applied Digital Cloud (“Cloud”) to Ekso Bionics Holdings, Inc. (“Ekso”), a publicly traded company, in exchange for shares of Ekso common stock (the "May 2026 transaction"). Although Ekso was the legal acquirer, Cloud was identified as the accounting acquirer and the transaction was accounted for as a reverse acquisition under ASC 805, Business Combinations. Following the closing of the transaction, Ekso was renamed ChronoScale Corporation.
As a result of the transaction, at closing, the Company owned approximately 97% of ChronoScale’s outstanding common stock, and legacy Ekso shareholders retained approximately 3% (before giving effect to any dilution from new investments) which represents a noncontrolling interest in ChronoScale. As of August 31, 2026, the Company owns approximately 96% of ChronoScale’s outstanding common stock.
As the transaction was accounted for as a reverse acquisition, the consideration transferred was measured based on the number of equity interests Cloud would have had to issue to provide legacy Ekso shareholders with the same percentage ownership interest in the combined company that resulted from the transaction. The fair value of the consideration transferred was approximately $57.6 million, based on 4,357,026 equity interests valued at Ekso's closing share price of $13.22 per share on the acquisition date. The consideration was entirely in the form of equity.
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
The following table summarizes the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 13,492 | |||
| Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts | 4,125 | ||||
| Inventory | 4,562 | ||||
| Prepaid expenses | 1,150 | ||||
| Property and equipment, net | 1,086 | ||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets, net | 315 | ||||
| Intangible assets, net | 10,950 | ||||
| Other assets | 369 | ||||
| Total assets acquired | $ | 36,049 | |||
| Accounts payable | $ | (281) | |||
| Accrued expenses | (5,055) | ||||
| Deferred revenues | (1,400) | ||||
| Operating lease liabilities | (321) | ||||
| Debt, current | (3,346) | ||||
| Deferred revenues non-current | (1,288) | ||||
| Debt, non-current | (464) | ||||
| Operating lease liabilities, non-current | (114) | ||||
| Other non-current liabilities | (3,305) | ||||
| Total liabilities assumed | $ | (15,574) | |||
| Total identifiable net assets | $ | 20,475 | |||
| Less: Cash acquired through PIPE (defined below) | (15,000) | ||||
| Fair value of net assets acquired | 5,475 | ||||
Less: Impairment for assets held for sale (see Note 6 - Discontinued Operations) | 2,365 | ||||
| Fair value less costs to sell | $ | 3,110 | |||
| Total consideration transferred | $ | 57,623 | |||
| Less: Fair value less costs to sell | 3,110 | ||||
| Goodwill | $ | 54,513 | |||
The fair value of acquired accounts receivable was approximately $4.1 million as of the acquisition date. ChronoScale expects to collect substantially all acquired receivables.
The fair value of acquired intangible assets consists of Ekso's developed technology and trade name. The valuations of the developed technology and trade name were performed by a third-party valuation specialist using the relief-from-royalty method. Refer to Note 6 - Discontinued Operations — Loss on Impairment of Net Assets Held for Sale for information regarding ChronoScale’s impairment loss of its net assets held for sale for the three months ended August 31, 2026.
In connection with the transaction, ChronoScale arranged a private investment in public equity (“PIPE”), which refers to a private placement of ChronoScale’s equity to select investors concurrent with closing. Pursuant to the PIPE Agreement, ChronoScale agreed to issue and sell 1,311,407 shares of its common stock to Contributor at a price of $12.01 per share, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $15.7 million with $0.8 million in offering costs.
The Business Combination resulted in the recognition of goodwill of approximately $54.5 million, which is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. The goodwill is primarily attributed to the expected operational synergies, assembled workforce, public company platform benefits, and
12
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
other intangible benefits that do not qualify for separate recognition. The goodwill was assigned to ChronoScale, which was expected to benefit from the synergies of the acquisition. As of May 31, 2026, ChronoScale was not a separate reportable segment under ASC 280, although the Cloud Business had previously been presented as a reportable segment. The assigned goodwill is included within the reporting unit used for goodwill impairment testing. The Company expects that $0.5 million of goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes.
As the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities are subject to change during the measurement period, up to one year from the acquisition date, ChronoScale recorded a measurement adjustment which reduced goodwill by approximately $0.1 million to approximately $54.4 million.
The acquisition-date fair value of the noncontrolling interest was approximately $4.6 million, based on the equity interests retained by legacy Ekso shareholders and Ekso's closing share price of $13.22 per share on the acquisition date. The noncontrolling interest is presented as a separate component of permanent equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.
Acquisition-related costs in connection with the transaction, including legal, accounting, valuation, and other professional fees of $5.3 million were expensed as incurred and are not included as a component of consideration transferred.
The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations as if the acquisition had occurred on June 1, 2025. The unaudited pro forma information is presented for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition had occurred as of that date, nor is it intended to project future results.
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||
| Pro forma revenue | $ | 82,991 | |||||||||
| Pro forma net loss | $ | (19,635) | |||||||||
The unaudited pro forma results include adjustments directly attributable to the acquisition, including amortization of acquired intangible assets and the related income tax effects. No additional earnings per share impacts were identified other than the impact of amortization of acquired intangible assets.
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
4. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the following as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026 (in thousands):
| Estimated Useful Life | August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||
Networking equipment, electrical equipment, and software | 3 years - 5 years | $ | 40,425 | $ | 38,669 | ||||||||||||
Mechanical infrastructure | 20 years | 194,896 | 71,939 | ||||||||||||||
Electrical infrastructure | 15 years | 237,495 | 104,491 | ||||||||||||||
| Electric generation and transformers | 15 years - 30 years | 344,021 | 188,110 | ||||||||||||||
| Land and building | |||||||||||||||||
| Building | 39 years | 471,239 | 279,308 | ||||||||||||||
Building improvements | 15 years - 25 years | 1,085,386 | 682,348 | ||||||||||||||
| Land | 150,363 | 59,713 | |||||||||||||||
| Land improvements | 15 years | 109,095 | 43,786 | ||||||||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | 3 years - 7 years | 1,142 | 1,142 | ||||||||||||||
| Construction in progress | 3,670,267 | 2,776,232 | |||||||||||||||
| Other equipment and fixtures | 5 years - 10 years | 132,918 | 68,128 | ||||||||||||||
| Total cost of property and equipment | 6,437,247 | 4,313,866 | |||||||||||||||
| Accumulated depreciation | (106,836) | (77,566) | |||||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | 6,330,411 | $ | 4,236,300 | |||||||||||||
Depreciation expense totaled $29.3 million and $2.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively.
The Company capitalizes a portion of the interest on funds borrowed to finance its capital expenditures. Capitalized interest is recorded as part of an asset’s cost and is depreciated over the same period as the related asset. Capitalized interest costs were $35.7 million and $8.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively.
5. Revenue
Below is a summary of the Company’s revenue concentration by major customers for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively.
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer A | 56 | % | 32 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Customer B | 21 | % | — | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Customer C | 11 | % | 47 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Customer D | — | % | 21 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
The Company’s contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue that arises when the Company receives consideration in advance of providing the goods or services provided in the contract. As of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026, the Company recorded $39.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively, of deferred revenue primarily related to advance billings for tenant fit-out services and the delivery of power. The Company classified deferred revenue based on the timing of when it expect to recognize revenue, which typically occurs within a short window after period-end. The full balance of deferred revenue at May 31, 2026 and May 31, 2025 was recognized as revenue during the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively.
Further, the contract assets consist of unbilled receivables that are recorded when revenue is recognized in advance of billings to its customers. These amounts are primarily associated with difference between the revenue recognized under ASC 842 and billings per the lease agreement as well as the receivable arising from tenant fit-out services. The contract
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
assets balance was $103.1 million and $43.1 million as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026, respectively, and is included in “accounts receivable, net” and “other assets” in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.
Customer Deposits
Changes in the Company's customer deposits balances for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively, are shown in the following table (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | 16,752 | $ | 16,125 | |||||||
| Customer deposits received | — | 627 | |||||||||
| Customer deposits refunded | — | — | |||||||||
Customer deposits applied | — | — | |||||||||
| Balance, end of period | $ | 16,752 | $ | 16,752 | |||||||
6. Discontinued Operations
During the year ended May 31, 2026, the Board of Directors of ChronoScale committed to a plan to divest its wholly owned subsidiary, Ekso Bionics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Ekso”), and to focus ChronoScale's operations solely on its Cloud Services Business. As such, legacy Ekso met the criteria to be classified as "held for sale" on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Therefore, upon consolidation, the Company reported Ekso's operations as discontinued operations in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2026 in accordance with ASC 205-20, Discontinued Operations. The sale of the Ekso business was completed on September 30, 2026. Refer to Note 21 - Subsequent Events for additional information regarding the sale of the Ekso business.
The financial results of Ekso are presented as net loss from discontinued operations on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The following table presents the major components of the financial results of Ekso for the periods presented (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 2,597 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenues | 1,289 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 17,366 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss from discontinued operations | (16,058) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from discontinued operations before income tax expense | (16,054) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from discontinued operations | $ | (16,054) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
As of August 31, 2026, the assets and liabilities of Ekso are classified as current in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets, as it is probable that the sale will occur within one year. The following table represents the aggregated carrying amounts of classes of assets and liabilities that are classified as held for sale on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets for the periods presented (in thousands):
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2 | $ | 2 | |||||||
| Accounts receivable | 3,090 | 3,914 | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 5,659 | 5,604 | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 1,069 | 1,084 | |||||||||
| Operating lease right of use asset, net | 284 | 284 | |||||||||
| Intangible assets | 10,950 | 10,950 | |||||||||
| Other assets | 425 | 368 | |||||||||
| Less: Impairment on assets held for sale | $ | (16,491) | $ | (2,365) | |||||||
| Total current assets held for sale | $ | 4,988 | $ | 19,841 | |||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 360 | $ | 263 | |||||||
| Accrued liabilities | 1,859 | 4,205 | |||||||||
| Current portion of operating lease liability | 191 | 290 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 2,493 | 2,563 | |||||||||
| Long-term portion of operating lease liability | 86 | 105 | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities held for sale | $ | 4,988 | $ | 7,426 | |||||||
Loss on Impairment of Net Assets Held for Sale
In connection with the classification of the Ekso business as held for sale and discontinued operations, the Company evaluated the Ekso business for impairment as of August 31, 2026, in accordance with ASC 360-10, Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. The Ekso business was measured at the lower of its carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell.
During the first and second quarters of fiscal year 2027, the Company continued to market the Ekso business and advance negotiations with prospective buyers. The disposal of the Ekso business was completed on September 30, 2026.
As of August 31, 2026, the Ekso business consisted of approximately $21.5 million of assets and $5.0 million of liabilities, resulting in net assets of $16.5 million. The Company estimated the fair value of the Ekso business to be $1.5 million. After deducting $2.6 million of estimated incremental costs to sell the Ekso business, the Company determined that the fair value less costs to sell resulted in a negative value of $1.1 million. The fair value less costs to sell used for measuring the Ekso business under ASC 360-10 is floored at $0, and as a result, the remaining $1.1 million of estimated costs to sell Ekso is not included in this initial impairment calculation and will be recognized as period expenses when incurred. As the Ekso business’s carrying amount of $16.5 million exceeded its estimated fair value less costs to sell, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $14.1 million as of August 31, 2026. The impairment loss was recognized through a valuation allowance and was not allocated to the individual classes of assets held for sale. The impairment loss is included in net loss from discontinued operations in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended August 31, 2026. The related valuation allowance is presented as valuation allowance for impairment loss on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of August 31, 2026.
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
Following the closing of the sale of the Ekso business, the Company does not expect further material impairment losses related to the Ekso business as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
The Company determined that no impairment of goodwill, which was assigned to ChronoScale as discussed in Note 3 - Business Combination, existed for the three months ended August 31, 2026.
The following table summarizes the net cash flows from discontinued operations of Ekso for the three months ended August 31, 2026 (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in operating activities - discontinued operations | $ | (1,257) | |||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities - discontinued operations | $ | 15 | |||||||||||||||
7. Related Party Transactions
Base Electron
In the prior year, the Company and Base Electron Corporation (“Base Electron”) entered into the Intercompany Administrative Services Agreement (the "Intercompany Agreement"). The amount of services provided during the three months ended August 31, 2026 were approximately $0.1 million.
In the prior fiscal year, Base Electron issued to the Company approximately 10% of Base Electron’s outstanding equity. The investment in Base Electron is accounted for at cost under ASC 321 as it is an equity security without a readily determinable fair value and will be evaluated quarterly for impairment indicators. There were no impairment indicators during the three months ended August 31, 2026. As of August 31, 2026, the Company determined the fair value of the investment was $2.0 million, which is recorded as an Other asset on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Base Electron Demand Grid Promissory Note
In the prior fiscal year, Base Electron entered into a promissory note with the Company (“Demand Grid Promissory Note”) for up to $100.0 million which is payable on-demand. As of August 31, 2026, the principal balance of the Demand Grid Promissory Note was $58.5 million, which was recorded as a related party loan receivable and presented within Prepaid expense and other current assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. During the three months ended August 31, 2026, approximately $0.7 million of interest income was recognized. Further, no allowance for credit loss and no credit loss expense have been recognized for the three months ended August 31, 2026, and receivables are presented at their gross amount, which approximates the net amount expected to be collected.
Other Related Party Transactions
Related party transactions included within selling, general and administrative expense on the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations include software license fees of $49.7 thousand and $74.3 thousand during the three months ended August 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, which were incurred with a company whose chairman is also a member of the Company’s Board of Directors.
17
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
8. Fair Value Measurements
There have been no significant changes to the Company’s valuation techniques or fair value measurement policies from those disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2026.
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents including notice deposits and certificate of deposits, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, customer deposits, amounts due to customers and other short-term financial instruments approximate their fair values principally due to their short-term maturities.
The following table presents the Company’s financial assets, presented in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets within Other assets, measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | Fair Value Hierarchy | Fair Value | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity investments | Level 1 | $ | 7,846 | $ | 19,198 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative associated with Redeemable preferred shares | Level 3 | 169,837 | 163,283 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| B&W warrants | Level 3 | 34,727 | 90,793 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets measured at fair value | $ | 212,410 | $ | 273,274 | |||||||||||||||||||
Our investments in equity securities with readily determinable fair values are measured at fair value using quoted market prices and, therefore, are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Our investments in equity securities without readily determinable fair values are accounted for at cost under ASC 321 and are evaluated quarterly for impairment indicators. There were no impairment indicators during the quarter for these investments. Refer to Note 11 - Derivative Assets for a discussion of the valuation assumptions and inputs used in measuring the Company’s derivative instruments and Note 9 - Debt for a discussion of the fair value measurement of the Company’s debt.
9. Debt
The Company’s outstanding debt consisted of the following components (in thousands):
| Interest Rate | Maturity Date | August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||
2030 9.250% Senior Secured Notes (1) | 9.25% | December 2030 | $ | 2,350,000 | $ | 2,350,000 | |||||||||||||||||
2031 6.750% Senior Secured Notes (2) | 6.75% | March 2031 | 2,150,000 | 2,150,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
2031 7.000% Senior Secured Notes | 7.00% | June 2031 | 1,590,000 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
Convertible Notes, senior unsecured (3) | 2.75% | June 2030 | 450,000 | 450,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
Bridge Facility (4) | See below | April 2027 | — | 300,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
2026 Revolving Credit Facility (5) | See below | See below | 82,390 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
Other debt (6) | 99,215 | 56,680 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred financing costs, net of amortization | (345,013) | (330,742) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Current portion of debt | (112,645) | (16,422) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net | $ | 6,263,947 | $ | 4,959,516 | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)The 2030 9.250% Senior Secured Notes are guaranteed by APLD ELN-02 HoldCo LLC, APLD ELN-03 HoldCo LLC, APLD ELN-02 LLC, APLD ELN-03 LLC, APLD ELN-02 LandCo LLC and APLD ELN-03 LandCo LLC, each a majority-owned subsidiary of the Company, and are secured by the equity interests of the issuer and guarantors, the Project Accounts (as defined in the 2030 Notes Indenture), and substantially all of the assets of the issuer and guarantors.
(2)The 6.750% 2031 Senior Secured Notes are guaranteed by APLD FAR-01 HoldCo LLC, APLD FAR-02 HoldCo LLC, APLD FAR-01 LLC, APLD FAR-02 LLC, APLD FAR-01 LandCo LLC and APLD FAR-02 LandCo LLC, each majority-owned subsidiaries of the Company, and are secured by the equity interests of the issuer and guarantors, the
18
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
Project Accounts (as defined in the 2031 6.750% Notes Indenture), and substantially all of the assets of the issuer and guarantors.
(3)The net carrying amount of the Convertible Notes was $276.6 million and $276.0 million and the remaining unamortized deferred financing costs related to the issuance was $173.4 million and $174.0 million, each as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026, respectively.
(4)The Bridge Facility is guaranteed by the wholly owned subsidiaries of APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC and by the Company and is secured by substantially all assets of APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC and the subsidiary guarantors, as well as a pledge of the equity interests of APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC by APLD HPC Holdings 2 LLC. The Bridge Facility bears interest at a rate equal to either Daily SOFR plus 2.75% per annum or the Base Rate plus 1.75% per annum, depending on the type of loans under any Borrowing.
(5)The 2026 Revolving Credit Facility is guaranteed by the Company, APLD Intermediate HoldCo LLC (as the borrower), Applied Talent Resources LLC, James River Housing LLC, APLD Holdings 1 LLC, APLD Holdings 2 LLC, APLD HPC TopCo LLC, and APLD HPC Holdings LLC and is secured by substantially all assets of the loan parties, subject to certain exclusions. The 2026 Revolving Credit Facility bears interest at a rate per annum equal to, at the borrower’s election, either Term SOFR plus 2.25% or the Alternate Base Rate plus 1.25%. Additionally, there is an unused commitment fee of 0.25% per annum based on the daily unused amount, payable quarterly in arrears at the end of each quarter. The 2026 Revolving Credit Facility matures on the earlier of (i) May 29, 2029 and (ii) the date that is ninety-one (91) days prior to a specified date under the Preferred Equity Purchase Agreement.
(6)Other debt as of August 31, 2026 includes three secured terms loans totaling $19.2 million (previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2026), as well as two promissory notes the Company entered into during the second fiscal quarter of 2026 for a total of approximately $18.5 million and the Texas Capital Note entered into during the current quarter for $58.5 million (as defined and discussed below). As of May 31, 2026, the balance includes the three secured term loans and two promissory notes referenced above, as well as $12.0 million of proceeds from the issuance of two SAFE agreements, classified as liabilities, which were repaid during the three months ended August 31, 2026 (as discussed below).
Below is the weighted-average interest rate for the Company's term loans:
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| Weighted-average interest rate | 7.3 | % | 7.1 | % | |||||||
Remaining Principal Payments
Below is a summary of the remaining principal payments due over the life of the term loans as of August 31, 2026 (in thousands):
| FY27 | $ | 108,739 | |||
| FY28 | 221,545 | ||||
| FY29 | 341,453 | ||||
| FY30 | 354,294 | ||||
| FY31 | 4,256,666 | ||||
| Thereafter | 1,438,908 | ||||
| Total | $ | 6,721,605 | |||
Debt Fair Value Measurements
The carrying value of the Company's variable rate borrowings approximate fair value at August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026, as applicable, each balance sheet date due to the variable nature of the interest rates and the short period between interest rate resets. Further, the Company determined that the estimated fair values of the Promissory Note approximated their respective carrying amounts based on the relatively short period of time since the business combination acquisition date, the continued accretion of acquisition-date fair value adjustments through the effective interest method, and the
19
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
absence of significant changes in the underlying economics, contractual terms, or assumptions that would materially impact the estimated fair values of the instruments since the acquisition date.
The Company has determined the fair value of its 2030 Senior Secured Notes, 2031 Senior Secured Notes and 2031 7% Senior Secured Notes to be approximately $2.5 billion, $2.0 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, as of August 31, 2026 using level 2 inputs. The Company has determined the fair value of its 2030 Senior Secured Notes and the 2031 Senior Secured Notes to be approximately $2.5 billion and $2.2 billion, respectively, as of May 31, 2026 using level 2 inputs. The Company has determined the fair value of its fixed rate term loans to be $18.4 million and $22.4 million, in aggregate, as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026, respectively, based on discounted cash flow analysis, which uses Level 3 inputs. The Company has determined the fair value of its Convertible Notes, senior unsecured to be $399.1 million and $392.9 million as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026, respectively, based on discounted cash flow analysis, which uses Level 3 inputs.
Cloud SAFE Payoff
During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2025, the Company entered into two Simple Agreements for Future Equity (“SAFEs”) with an investor for equity in Applied Digital Cloud Corporation, which was, at that time, a wholly-owned subsidiary, for aggregate proceeds of $12.0 million. On June 2, 2026, following an agreement reached with the investor, the Company paid off all amounts outstanding under the SAFEs, totaling $13.3 million. During the three months ended August 31, 2026, the Company recorded a loss of $1.3 million, which is included within other expense, net within the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations.
7.000% Senior Secured Notes due 2031
On June 16, 2026, the Company’s subsidiary APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC (“APLD ComputeCo 3”) completed a private offering of 7.000% Senior Secured Notes due 2031 (the “2031 7.000% Notes”). The 2031 7.000% Notes were sold pursuant to the terms of a purchase agreement, dated as of June 9, 2026, entered into by and among APLD ComputeCo 3, the subsidiary guarantors thereto and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, as representative (the “Representative”) of the several initial purchasers (the “Initial Purchasers”), in a Rule 144A/Regulation S offering. The aggregate principal amount of notes sold in the offering was $1.59 billion.
The 2031 7.000% Notes were issued at a price equal to 100% of their aggregate principal amount. APLD ComputeCo 3 used or intends to use the net proceeds from the offering to fund the construction and associated expenses of its ELN-04 data center project, repay in full the outstanding borrowings and related amounts under its then existing bridge facility, fund debt service reserves and interest during construction, and pay transaction and operating expenses.
Also on June 16, 2026, APLD ComputeCo 3, its direct parent and the subsidiary guarantors entered into an indenture for the 2031 7.000% Notes (the “2031 7.000% Notes Indenture”) with Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”) and collateral agent (the “Collateral Agent”), governing the 2031 7.000% Notes. The 2031 7.000% Notes are senior secured obligations of APLD ComputeCo 3 and bear interest at a rate of 7.000% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2026. The 2031 7.000% Notes will mature on June 15, 2031, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms.
The principal amount of the 2031 7.000% Notes will amortize on a semi-annual basis beginning after the final commencement date of the applicable data center leases in effect on the issue date. The initial annual amortization amount will equal 2.70% of the original aggregate principal amount of the 2031 7.000% Notes and will increase by 0.50% per annum on each anniversary of the issue date commencing after the first installment is due, subject to adjustment as set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture.
On or after June 15, 2028, APLD ComputeCo 3 may redeem the 2031 7.000% Notes at its option, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at the redemption prices set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture. Prior to June 15, 2028, APLD ComputeCo 3 may redeem the 2031 7.000% Notes at its option, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed, plus an applicable “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, prior to June 15, 2028, APLD ComputeCo 3 may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2031 7.000% Notes with the proceeds of
20
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
certain equity offerings at the redemption price set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest, , to, but excluding, the redemption date, subject to the conditions set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture. Prior to June 15, 2028, APLD ComputeCo 3 may also redeem up to 10% of the original aggregate principal amount of the 2031 7.000% Notes during each calendar year at the redemption price set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest, to, but excluding, the redemption date.
The 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture limits the ability of APLD ComputeCo 3 and the subsidiary guarantors to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or distributions on, or redeem or repurchase, capital stock and make other restricted payments; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) create or incur liens; (v) consummate certain asset sales; (vi) enter into sale and leaseback transactions; (vii) conduct certain operations or hold certain assets outside their permitted businesses; (viii) engage in certain transactions with affiliates; and (ix) merge, consolidate or transfer or sell all or substantially all of their assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions as set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture.
Additionally, upon the occurrence of specified change of control events, APLD ComputeCo 3 must offer to repurchase the 2031 7.000% Notes at 101% of the aggregate principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the purchase date. Upon receipt of certain termination fees under an applicable data center lease, APLD ComputeCo 3 generally will be required to apply the proceeds to redeem the 2031 7.000% Notes at 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, to, but excluding, the redemption date, subject to the permitted deferral and replacement tenant provisions set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture. The 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture also provides for customary events of default.
The 2031 7.000% Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior secured basis, jointly and severally, by APLD ComputeCo 3’s subsidiaries, including APLD ELN-04 HoldCo LLC, APLD ELN-04 LLC and APLD ELN-04 LandCo LLC. The 2031 7.000% Notes and the related guarantees are secured, subject to permitted liens and certain exclusions, by first-priority liens on substantially all of the assets of APLD ComputeCo 3 and the subsidiary guarantors, including the applicable project accounts, and by a pledge of the equity interests of APLD ComputeCo 3 held by its direct parent.
In connection with the 2031 7.000% Notes, the Company provides a customary completion guarantee with respect to the construction and completion of the ELN-04 data center project. Other than the completion guarantee, the Company is not a guarantor of any obligations under the 2031 7.000% Notes.
As of August 31, 2026, the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs were approximately $28.7 million. The debt issuance costs are presented as a direct deduction from the outstanding principal balance of the 2031 7.000% Notes and are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method.
Satisfaction of Escrow Release Condition for 6.750% Senior Secured Notes due 2031
On June 18, 2026, APLD ComputeCo 2 LLC satisfied the escrow release condition under the escrow agreement for the 6.750% Senior Secured Notes due 2031 (the “2031 6.750% Notes”) and executed and delivered to the escrow agent an escrow release certificate directing the escrow agent to release the funds in the escrow account to APLD ComputeCo 2 and apply such funds in accordance with the escrow agreement and the Indenture for the 2031 6.750% Notes.
Upsize 2026 Revolving Credit Facility
On June 26, 2026, the commitments under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility were increased by $80.0 million, from $350.0 million to $430.0 million. Following the increase, the remaining accordion capacity under the facility was $120.0 million. The additional commitments are subject to the existing terms and conditions of the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility.
As of August 31, 2026, approximately $82.4 million was drawn under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility and approximately $241.0 million of standby letters of credit were outstanding under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility.
21
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
Loan and Security Agreement
On June 30, 2026, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Texas Capital Loan Agreement”) with Texas Capital Bank (“Texas Capital”) and issued a related promissory note in the stated principal amount of $58.5 million (the “Texas Capital Note”). The Texas Capital Note bears interest at a rate per annum equal to one-month Term SOFR plus 2.75% and matures on June 30, 2031.
The Texas Capital Note is secured by certain corporate assets. The Texas Capital Loan Agreement requires the Company to maintain a specified level of liquidity based, in part, on the Company’s market capitalization and requires the Company’s market capitalization to remain above $2.0 billion as of the close of any trading day. The Texas Capital Loan Agreement also contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, cross-default provisions, and events of default.
The Company was in compliance with the applicable financial covenants under all outstanding debt arrangements as of August 31, 2026.
10. Balance Sheet Components
Certain balance sheet components are as follows (in thousands):
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Short term equipment and utility deposit | $ | 560,523 | $ | 500,290 | |||||||
| Deferred issuance costs | 2,966 | 3,397 | |||||||||
| Short term lease incentive | 8,543 | 6,231 | |||||||||
Related party receivable (1) | 59,334 | 58,632 | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | 29,641 | 24,471 | |||||||||
| Other current assets | 24,631 | 20,671 | |||||||||
Total Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 685,638 | $ | 613,692 | |||||||
(1)Balance as of August 31, 2026 consists of the $59.2 million promissory note and $0.1 million of deferred construction costs with Base Electron. See Note 7 - Related Party Transactions for further discussion.
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||
Long term lease incentive | $ | 196,223 | $ | 199,391 | |||||||
Restricted cash | 414,649 | 180,415 | |||||||||
Deposits on assets & construction | 170,978 | 47,719 | |||||||||
Goodwill (1) | 54,387 | 54,513 | |||||||||
| Lease receivables | 34,141 | 21,026 | |||||||||
| Deferred lease costs | — | 10,729 | |||||||||
Derivative assets (2) | 169,837 | 163,283 | |||||||||
Investments in other companies (3) | 64,092 | 123,329 | |||||||||
Investment in related party (4) | 2,000 | 2,000 | |||||||||
| Other | 5,913 | 28,221 | |||||||||
| Total Other assets | $ | 1,112,220 | $ | 830,710 | |||||||
(1)Balance as of August 31, 2026 consists of goodwill held at ChronoScale.
22
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
(2)Balance as of August 31, 2026 consists of the fair value of derivative assets related to the preferred units and corresponding common units held by APLD HPC TopCo 2’s noncontrolling interest. See Note 8 - Fair Value Measurements, Note 16 - Temporary Equity, and Note 11 - Derivative Assets for further discussion.
(3)Includes $34.7 million of warrants, which are accounted for as derivatives, and $7.8 million of common shares, which are recorded at fair value, issued by B&W to the Company in association with the Company’s investment in B&W. See Note 11 - Derivative Assets for further discussion. The balance also includes a $10.0 million investment by the Company in Corintis SA (“Corintis”) in exchange for Series A1 preferred shares, approximating 4% of Corintis’s outstanding equity. The Series A1 preferred shares are convertible preferred shares with no redemption rights. The investment in Corintis is accounted for at cost under ASC 321. During the quarter ended August 31, 2026, the Company invested in three private companies for a total of $8.2 million, which are included within this balance. These investments are accounted for at cost under ASC 321. See Note 8 - Fair Value Measurements for further discussion on fair value measurements for equity investments and derivative assets.
(4)Includes a $2.0 million investment in Base Electron. See further discussion of the transaction in Note 7 - Related Party Transactions.
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||
| Accrued liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accrued construction payables | $ | 563,897 | $ | 307,812 | |||||||
| Accrued expenses | 135,587 | 81,311 | |||||||||
| Accrued interest | 142,042 | 151,215 | |||||||||
Other accrued liabilities | 8,829 | 8,155 | |||||||||
Total Accrued liabilities | $ | 850,355 | $ | 548,493 | |||||||
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||
| Other current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Construction retainer | $ | 154,749 | $ | 95,848 | |||||||
| Other | 3,524 | 1,641 | |||||||||
| Total Other current liabilities | $ | 158,273 | $ | 97,489 | |||||||
23
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
11. Derivative Assets
APLD HPC TopCo 2’s Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
The preferred units and corresponding common units associated with APLD HPC TopCo 2’s redeemable noncontrolling interest were determined to have embedded derivative features, the Redemption features and the Contingent Dividend Rate Increase feature, requiring bifurcation and remeasurement at fair value at each reporting date, with the changes in fair value recorded through earnings. The Redemption features are inclusive of the Investor put option upon a Sale, APLD Holdings call option, and the Distribution Redemptions (all as defined within the A&R UPA). Due to these redemption rights, at each balance sheet date, the Company is required to adjust the carrying value of the derivatives to fair value and record any changes in fair value within earnings. The Company engaged a third party valuation specialist in determining the value of the embedded derivatives using a binomial lattice model, which includes Level 3 unobservable inputs. The key inputs used were the estimated credit spread of the associated preferred stock and corresponding common units, volatility, and risk-free rate of the derivative assets:
| As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expected maturity date | October 6, 2032 | October 6, 2032 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit spread (annual) | 8.29 | % | 9.00 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yield volatility | 42.5 | % | 40.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Put right/trigger event | de minimis | de minimis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk-free rate | USD Yield Curve | USD Yield Curve | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of time-steps | 100 | 100 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
During the three months ended August 31, 2026, the Company recorded a gain on change in fair value of derivatives of $6.6 million, which is included within the loss on change in fair value of derivatives assets within the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations.
B&W Warrants
During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2026, the Company entered into agreements which resulted in the Company acquiring 500,000 shares of Babcock & Wilcox (“B&W”) common stock as well as two warrants to purchase 2,600,000 shares and 2,630,000 shares, respectively, of B&W common stock with an exercise price of $4.11 for a period of seven years.
The warrants were determined to be derivative assets and were required to be measured at fair value at issuance under ASC 815. They will be remeasured at fair value at each reporting date with changes in fair value reported on the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations. To allocate the initial contribution between the common stock and the warrants, the Company determined the fair value of each and utilized the relative fair value allocation method. The B&W warrants are measured at fair value using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model. Inherent in pricing models are assumptions related to expected share-price volatility, contractual term, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield, which are considered Level 3 inputs. The estimated fair value of the B&W Warrants are based on the following significant inputs as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026:
24
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
| As of | As of | |||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Time to expiry | 6.18 years | 6.43 years | ||||||||||||||||||
| Stock price | $ | 7.54 | $ | 18.45 | ||||||||||||||||
| Volatility | 105.0 | % | 110.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Risk-free rate | 4.52 | % | 4.19 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Dividend yield | — | % | — | % | ||||||||||||||||
During the three months ended August 31, 2026, the Company recorded a loss of $56.1 million, which is included within the loss on change in fair value of derivatives assets within the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations.
12. Variable Interest Entities
Based upon the criteria set forth in ASC 810, Consolidation, the Company consolidates VIEs in which it has a controlling financial interest and is therefore deemed the primary beneficiary. A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the VIE activities that most significantly impact economic performance; and (b) the obligation to absorb the VIE losses and the right to receive benefits that are significant to the VIE.
Consolidated VIE
The Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary of one VIE, APLD HPC TopCo 2 LLC (“TopCo 2”), as it has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2026, TopCo 2 completed four closings under its Amended and Restated Unit Purchase Agreement (“A&R UPA”), issuing 1,825,000 preferred units and 144,593 corresponding common units for proceeds of approximately $1.8 billion to MIP HPC Holdings, LLC. The issuance of the preferred units at closing resulted in a redeemable noncontrolling interest - see Note 16 - Temporary Equity for further discussion. In addition, pursuant to the A&R UPA, on October 6, 2025, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2.4 million shares of the Company’s common stock as described in Note 14 - Warrants.
The purpose of TopCo 2 is to design, build and operate high-performance, sustainably engineered data centers and colocation services for artificial intelligence, cloud, and networking workloads in North Dakota. TopCo 2 is a bankruptcy-remote legal entity with separate assets and liabilities. The creditors of TopCo 2 have recourse to the Company’s general
25
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
credit. The following table presents the assets and liabilities held by TopCo 2 as of August 31, 2026, which are included in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):
| August 31, 2026 | ||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,909,372 | ||||||
Restricted cash | 510,963 | |||||||
| Accounts receivable | 44,925 | |||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 573,876 | |||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 5,803,969 | |||||||
| Other assets | 440,148 | |||||||
Total assets | $ | 10,283,253 | ||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 221,607 | ||||||
| Accrued liabilities | 745,548 | |||||||
| Current deferred revenue | 39,669 | |||||||
Other current liabilities | 147,070 | |||||||
Long-term debt | 5,918,619 | |||||||
Total liabilities | $ | 7,072,513 | ||||||
Third-party equity ownership interests in TopCo 2 represents a noncontrolling interest and is presented as temporary equity in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets separate from the Company’s stockholders’ equity. The amount of net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests is disclosed in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations.
Unconsolidated VIE
As discussed in Note 7 - Related Party Transactions, Base Electron is a related party formed to develop power generation and infrastructure projects supporting the broader AI industry. The Company has determined that Base Electron is a VIE because it does not have sufficient equity at risk to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. The Company's variable interests in Base Electron consist of its equity investment and related party promissory note.
Additionally, the Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of Base Electron because it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact Base Electron's economic performance. Accordingly, the Company does not consolidate Base Electron because ASC 810 requires both power and economics for consolidation.
As of August 31, 2026, the carrying value of the Company's investment in Base Electron was $2.0 million and the outstanding balance of the related party promissory note was $59.3 million, which together reflect the Company's maximum exposure to loss. The Company is not contractually required to provide financial support to Base Electron and did not provide material non-contractual financial support during the three months ended August 31, 2026.
13. Income Taxes
The Company’s tax provision or benefit from income taxes for interim periods is determined using an estimate of the Company’s annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items, if any, that are considered in the relevant period.
The Company has an effective tax rate of approximately (1)% and 0% for the three months ended August 31, 2026, and August 31, 2025, respectively, primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets, as well as the mix of earnings across its separate operational components within the Company.
26
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), requires a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or a portion or all the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026, the Company estimated a portion of its deferred tax assets will be utilized to offset the Company’s deferred tax liabilities. Based upon the level of historical losses and future projections over the period in which the net deferred tax assets are deductible, at this time, management believes it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the benefits of the remaining deductible temporary differences, and as a result the Company has recorded a valuation allowance as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026 for the amount of deferred tax assets that will not be realized.
There were no material changes to the unrecognized tax benefits for the three months ended August 31, 2026.
14. Warrants
A summary of warrant activity for the three months ended August 31, 2026 is presented below:
| Warrants | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding at May 31, 2026 | 28,091,029 | $ | 8.61 | 7.86 | ||||||||||||||||
| Granted | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Outstanding at August 31, 2026 | 28,091,029 | $ | 8.61 | 7.60 | ||||||||||||||||
AI Warrants
The Company issued warrants to purchase up to 3,000,000 shares of Common Stock related to the AI Bridge Loan during the fiscal year ended May 31, 2024 (the “AI Warrants”). The AI Warrants are exercisable upon payment of the applicable exercise price in cash or through cashless exercise for a period of five years. 1,500,000 AI Warrants have an exercise price of $10.00 per share of Common Stock and 1,500,000 AI Warrants have an exercise price of $7.50 per share of Common Stock. As of August 31, 2026, all of the AI Warrants were outstanding.
Macquarie Warrants
On November 27, 2024, as partial consideration for the Macquarie Promissory Note, the Company issued warrants to purchase up to 1,035,197 shares of the Company’s common stock. The Macquarie Warrants are exercisable from and after the date that is six months following the date of issuance thereof and will have a five and one-half-year term and an exercise price of $9.66 per share, which exercise price must be paid in cash. The Macquarie Warrants survived the termination of the Macquarie Promissory Note and remain outstanding as of August 31, 2026.
STB Warrant
On February 27, 2025, the Company issued a warrant to STB Applied Holdings LLC to purchase 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at the exercise price of $7.83 per share (the “STB Warrant”) for consideration of $50,000. The warrant is exercisable upon payment of the applicable exercise price in cash or through cashless exercise for a period of five years from the Initial Exercise Date. As of August 31, 2026, 200,000 of the STB Warrants remain outstanding.
CoreWeave Warrants
In connection with certain data center leases with CoreWeave, the Company issued warrants to CoreWeave to purchase up to 13,062,521 and 8,393,611 shares of the Company’s common stock on May 28, 2025 and August 28, 2025, respectively, at an exercise price of $7.19 and $10.75 per share, respectively (the “CoreWeave Warrants”). The CoreWeave Warrants are exercisable upon issuance, upon payment of the applicable exercise price in cash or through cashless exercise for a period of 10 years each from the respective issuance date of such warrants. As of August 31, 2026, 21,455,832 warrant shares remain outstanding.
27
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
MAM Warrants
On October 6, 2025, in connection with the Amended and Restated Unit Purchase Agreement dated October 3, 2025 (the “Purchase Agreement”), the Company issued MIP VI REIT AIV, L.P. and MIP VI DC REIT AIV, L.P. two warrants (the “MAM Warrants”) to acquire up to 2,400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $8.29 per share, subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the warrants. The MAM Warrants have a five and one-half-year term. As of August 31, 2026, the MAM Warrants have not been exercised and remain outstanding.
15. Stock-Based Compensation Plans
2024 Plan
On October 8, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the Applied Digital Corporation 2024 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”), which the Company’s stockholders approved on November 20, 2024. The 2024 Plan provides for grants of various equity awards for eligible employees, officers, non-employee directors and other service providers. Upon stockholder approval of the 2024 Plan, the 2022 Plans (as defined below) were terminated; provided that all awards (as defined in the 2022 Plans) outstanding under the 2022 Incentive Plan and the 2022 Non-Employee Director Stock Plan shall continue in effect in accordance with their terms.
On November 5, 2025, at the Annual Stockholders’ Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the 2024 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder by 15,000,000 shares.
2022 Plans
On October 9, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) approved two equity incentive plans, which the Company’s stockholders approved on January 20, 2022. The two plans consist of the 2022 Incentive Plan, previously referred to in the Company’s SEC filings as the 2021 Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”), which provides for grants of various equity awards to the Company’s employees and consultants, and the 2022 Non-Employee Director Stock Plan previously referred to in the Company’s SEC filings as the 2021 Non-Employee Director Stock Plan (the “Director Plan” and, together with the Incentive Plan, the “2022 Plans”), which provides for grants of restricted stock to non-employee directors and for deferral of cash and stock compensation if such deferral provisions are activated at a future date.
As of August 31, 2026, the Company had issued awards of approximately 23.2 million shares of common stock of the Company under the 2022 Plans, 20.4 million under the 2024 Plan, and 600,000 shares of common stock outside of either plan, related to an employment inducement award. As of August 31, 2026, there are approximately 7.6 million shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2024 Plan.
The Company capitalizes a portion of stock-based compensation costs for employees who work directly on construction and development of the Company's data centers. The Company recognized stock-based compensation associated with the 2022 and 2024 Plans as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services and other cost of revenue | $ | 746 | $ | 773 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data center rental and other cost of revenue | 270 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general, and administrative | 65,483 | 13,755 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capitalized (1) | 2,665 | 929 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total stock-based compensation | $ | 69,164 | $ | 15,465 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Capitalized to Construction in progress in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Restricted Stock Awards
The following is a summary of the activity and balances for unvested restricted stock awards granted during the three months ended August 31, 2026:
28
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
| Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share | ||||||||||
Outstanding as of May 31, 2026 | 35,722 | $ | 3.73 | ||||||||
| Granted | — | — | |||||||||
| Vested | — | — | |||||||||
| Forfeited | — | — | |||||||||
Outstanding as of August 31, 2026 | 35,722 | $ | 3.73 | ||||||||
As of August 31, 2026, total remaining expense to be recognized related to these awards was $0.1 million and the weighted average remaining recognition period for the unvested awards was 0.6 years.
Restricted Stock Units
The following is a summary of the activity and balances for unvested restricted stock units granted during the three months ended August 31, 2026:
| Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share | ||||||||||
Outstanding as of May 31, 2026 | 7,965,833 | $ | 20.87 | ||||||||
| Granted | 696,797 | 32.41 | |||||||||
| Vested | (856,409) | 10.44 | |||||||||
| Forfeited | (38,553) | 14.20 | |||||||||
Outstanding as of August 31, 2026 | 7,767,668 | $ | 23.08 | ||||||||
As of August 31, 2026, total remaining expense to be recognized related to these awards was $150.6 million and the weighted average remaining recognition period for the unvested awards was 2.6 years.
Performance Stock Units
Performance stock units (“PSUs”) represent a right to receive a certain number of shares of common stock based on the achievement of performance goals and continued employment during the vesting period (provided that the PSUs may remain outstanding and eligible to vest following certain terminations during the vesting period). PSUs granted by the Company vest depending on the achievement of Company and individual performance financial, operational and/or market-price driven measures, which must occur on or prior to the deadline set forth in each applicable PSU aware. The fair value of PSUs, except PSUs for which vesting is based on the market price, is based on the closing price on the date of grant. The compensation expense related to these PSUs is recognized over the vesting period when the achievement of the performance conditions becomes probable. The total compensation cost for the PSUs is determined based on the most likely outcome of the performance conditions and the number of awards expected to vest.
In the prior fiscal year, the Company granted the CEO 4.5 million PSUs with market-price based and service-based vesting conditions. The awards vest based on the achievement of certain stock price targets as well as his continued employment with the Company (except that continued employment is not required if his employment is terminated by the Company without “cause,” he resigns for “good reason,” he dies or incurs a “disability,” or the Company elects not to renew his employment term).
29
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
The following is a summary of the activity and balances for unvested performance stock units granted during the three months ended August 31, 2026:
| Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share | ||||||||||
Outstanding as of May 31, 2026 | 14,386,250 | $ | 18.45 | ||||||||
| Granted | — | — | |||||||||
| Vested | (6,911,250) | 10.14 | |||||||||
| Forfeited | — | — | |||||||||
Outstanding as of August 31, 2026 | 7,475,000 | $ | 26.14 | ||||||||
As of August 31, 2026, total remaining expense to be recognized related to these awards was $90.8 million and the weighted average remaining recognition period for the unvested awards was 3.5 years.
16. Temporary Equity
Preferred Stock
The following is a summary of the activity and balances for preferred stock during the three months ended August 31, 2025 (in thousands, other than share data):
Series E Redeemable Preferred Stock | Series E-1 Redeemable Preferred Stock | Series G Convertible Preferred Stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding as of June 1, 2025 | 301,673 | $ | 6,932 | 62,485 | $ | 57,011 | 78,000 | $ | 72,094 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuances, net of costs | — | — | — | 10 | 180,000 | 170,386 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conversions | — | — | — | — | (258,000) | (242,480) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redemptions | — | — | (225) | (225) | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding as of August 31, 2025 | 301,673 | $ | 6,932 | 62,260 | $ | 56,796 | — | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following is a summary of the activity and balances for preferred stock during the three months ended August 31, 2026 (in thousands, other than share data):
Series E Redeemable Preferred Stock | Series E-1 Redeemable Preferred Stock | Series G Convertible Preferred Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding as of June 1, 2026 | 276,673 | $ | 6,306 | 61,909 | $ | 56,460 | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||
Issuances, net of costs | — | — | — | — | 283,250 | 274,850 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Conversions | — | — | — | — | (154,500) | (149,921) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Redemptions | (276,673) | (6,306) | (78) | (87) | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding as of August 31, 2026 | — | $ | — | 61,831 | $ | 56,373 | 128,750 | $ | 124,929 | |||||||||||||||||
Series E Redeemable Preferred Stock
During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2025, the Company closed on four offerings of the Series E Redeemable Preferred Stock (the “Series E Preferred Stock”). The Company sold total shares of 301,673 for proceeds of $6.9 million net of issuance costs of $0.6 million. The Series E Preferred Stock offering was terminated on August 9, 2024.
30
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
There were no material changes to the terms of the Series E Preferred Stock during the three months ended August 31, 2026. During the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, the Company declared and paid approximately $163,000 and $170,000, respectively, of dividends related to Series E Preferred Stock as presented on the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations.
During the three months ended August 31, 2026, all 276,673 shares of Series E Preferred Stock were redeemed.
Series E-1 Redeemable Preferred Stock
On September 23, 2024, the Company entered into a dealer manager agreement for the offering of up to 62,500 shares of Series E-1 Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Series E-1 Preferred Stock”), at a price per share of $1,000 (the “Series E-1 Stated Value”). During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2025, the Company closed on eight offerings in which the Company issued 62,500 shares for gross proceeds of $62.5 million. The Series E-1 Preferred Stock offering was completed as of May 31, 2025.
There were no material changes to the terms of the Series E-1 Preferred Stock during the three months ended August 31, 2026. During the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, the Company declared and paid approximately $1.4 million and $1.4 million, respectively, of dividends related to the Series E-1 Preferred Stock as presented on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
During the three months ended August 31, 2026, 78 shares of Series E-1 Preferred Stock were redeemed.
Series G Convertible Preferred Stock
On June 26, 2026, the Company entered into the sixth amendment (the “Sixth Amendment”) to the PEPA to increase the aggregate commitment amount under the PEPA for the issuance of shares of Series G Preferred Stock from $1,590,000,000 to $2,000,000,000. There were no other material changes to the terms of the Series G Preferred Stock during the three months ended August 31, 2026.
As Series G Preferred Stock may be reissued, during the three months ended August 31, 2026, the Company issued and sold 283,250 shares of Series G Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $275.0 million. During the three months ended August 31, 2026, 154,500 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were converted into 4.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock. As of August 31, 2026, 128,750 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest
APLD HPC TopCo 2 LLC
As discussed within Note 12 - Variable Interest Entities above, APLD HPC TopCo 2 LLC (“TopCo 2”) completed four closings under its A&R UPA during the fiscal year ended May 31, 2026, issuing 1,825,000 preferred units and 144,593 corresponding common units for proceeds of approximately $1.8 billion to MIP HPC Holdings, LLC, which resulted in a redeemable noncontrolling interest.
There were no material changes to the terms of the redeemable noncontrolling interest during the three months ended August 31, 2026.
The balance sheets and operating activities of TopCo 2 are included in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company adjusts net income in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations to exclude the proportionate share of results that is attributable to the redeemable noncontrolling interest. Additionally, the Company presents the proportionate share that is attributable to the redeemable noncontrolling interest as temporary equity within the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. This temporary equity presentation is the result of the redeemable noncontrolling interest being subject to certain redemption rights that are not entirely within the Company's control. Due to these redemption rights, at each balance sheet date, the Company is required to adjust the carrying value of the derivatives to fair value and record any changes in fair value within earnings. See Note 11 - Derivative Assets for
31
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
further details. The Company will adjust redeemable noncontrolling interest for the attribution of net income (loss) and preferred dividends of TopCo 2 to the noncontrolling interest holder.
Net loss attributable to MIP HPC Holdings, LLC was $66.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026. The proportionate share of net income was accounted for as a reduction in deriving net income attributable to common stock in the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The carrying value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest was $2.0 billion and $2.0 billion as of August 31, 2026 and May 31, 2026, respectively. The change in redeemable noncontrolling interest consists of $60.1 million of preferred stock dividends paid in-kind, $1.3 million of contributions from noncontrolling interest, net of costs and $6.8 million in current year net loss attributable to non-controlling interest.
17. Leases
Lessor Accounting
On June 5, 2026, the Company entered into an approximately 15-year lease (with three five-year renewal options) with a high investment-grade hyperscaler at its Delta Forge 2 210 MW critical IT load campus located in its southern region, comprising a single building under construction. The lease is for the full 210 MW of critical IT load, representing approximately $5.2 billion of contracted revenue over the base term, with expected delivery in the first half of calendar year 2028. Following the signing of this lease, our aggregate contracted critical IT load is 1,410 MW.
A summary of minimum lease payments due from these leases is shown below. These amounts do not reflect future rental revenues from renewal or replacement of existing leases unless the Company is reasonably certain it will exercise the option or the lessee has the sole ability to exercise the option. Reimbursements of operating expenses and variable rent increases are excluded from the table below (in thousands):
| Minimum Contracted Payments | ||||||||
| FY27 | $ | 467,961 | ||||||
| FY28 | 1,579,517 | |||||||
| FY29 | 2,360,558 | |||||||
| FY30 | 2,371,420 | |||||||
| FY31 | 2,371,420 | |||||||
| Thereafter | 26,580,159 | |||||||
| Total | $ | 35,731,035 | ||||||
Lessee Accounting
From time to time, the Company enters into leases for equipment and office space. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The Company presents operating and finance lease right of use assets and liabilities separately on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets as their own captions, with the liabilities split between current and long-term.
32
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
Components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease cost: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease expense | $ | 6,517 | $ | 6,252 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term lease expense | 106 | 697 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating lease cost | 6,623 | 6,949 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance lease expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of right-of-use assets(1) | 14,999 | 15,334 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest on lease liabilities | 1,523 | 3,530 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total finance lease cost | 16,522 | 18,864 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variable lease cost | 599 | 749 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net lease cost | $ | 23,744 | $ | 26,562 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Amortization of right-of-use assets is included within cost of revenues and selling, general and administrative expense in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The following table represents the Company’s future minimum lease payments as of August 31, 2026:
| Operating Leases | Finance Leases | Total | |||||||||||||||
| FY27 | $ | 16,036 | $ | 37,374 | $ | 53,410 | |||||||||||
| FY28 | 23,967 | 10,968 | 34,935 | ||||||||||||||
| FY29 | 18,391 | — | 18,391 | ||||||||||||||
| FY30 | 4,812 | — | 4,812 | ||||||||||||||
| FY31 | 1,315 | — | 1,315 | ||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | 4,553 | — | 4,553 | ||||||||||||||
| Total lease payments | 69,074 | 48,342 | 117,416 | ||||||||||||||
| Less: imputed interest | (8,205) | (2,395) | (10,600) | ||||||||||||||
| Total lease liabilities | 60,869 | 45,947 | 106,816 | ||||||||||||||
| Less: Current portion of lease liability | (19,199) | (43,490) | (62,689) | ||||||||||||||
| Long-term portion of lease liability | $ | 41,670 | $ | 2,457 | $ | 44,127 | |||||||||||
Supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases is as follows:
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| Weighted-average years remaining (in years): | |||||||||||
| Operating leases | 3.2 years | 3.7 years | |||||||||
| Finance leases | 0.9 years | 1.1 years | |||||||||
| Weighted-average discount rate: | |||||||||||
| Operating leases | 7.5 | % | 7.4 | % | |||||||
| Finance leases | 9.9 | % | 9.9 | % | |||||||
33
APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
18. Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
Energy Contracts
As of August 31, 2026, the Company had a minimum commitment of approximately $12.1 million related to the energy services agreement for its Jamestown, North Dakota co-hosting facility payable over, approximately, the next 0.4 years.
Construction Contracts
The Company routinely engages with construction vendors for the construction of our facilities. These engagements are governed by contracts containing standard terms and conditions, including certain milestones that obligate the Company to pay as work is completed. In the event of termination of any of these contracts by the Company, the Company would be liable for all work that has been completed or in process, plus any applicable fees. The Company generally has the right to cancel these open purchase orders prior to delivery or terminate the contracts without cause.
Claims and Litigation
From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of operations in the ordinary course of business.
Securities Lawsuit
The Company, Wes Cummins, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, and David Rench, the Company's then Chief Financial Officer, have been named as defendants in a putative securities class action lawsuit in the matter styled, McConnell v. Applied Digital Corporation, et al., Case No. 3:23-cv-1805, filed in August 2023 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas (the “Securities Lawsuit”). Specifically, the complaint asserts claims pursuant to Section 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 based on allegedly false or misleading statements regarding the company’s business, operations, and compliance policies, including claims that the Company overstated the profitability of its Data Center Hosting Business and its ability to successfully transition into a low-cost cloud services provider and that the Company’s board of directors was not “independent” within the meaning of Nasdaq listing rules. On May 22, 2024, the court appointed lead plaintiff and approved lead counsel, and on July 22, 2024, lead plaintiff filed an amended complaint which asserts the same claims based on similar allegations in the original complaint. On September 20, 2024, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On November 20, 2024, lead plaintiff filed his opposition to the Motion to Dismiss. On January 3, 2025, the defendants filed their reply in further support of the Motion to Dismiss. On September 8, 2025, the Court issued an order staying the Securities Lawsuit and administratively closing it pending resolution of the Motion to Dismiss.
The Company is unable to estimate a range of loss, if any, that could result were there to be an adverse final decision in the Securities Lawsuit. If an unfavorable action were to occur, it is possible that the impact could be material to the Company’s results of operations in the period(s) in which any such outcome becomes probable and estimable.
Derivative Lawsuit
On November 15, 2023, a derivative action was filed in the matter styled, Weich v. Cummins, et al., Case No. A-23-881629-C in the District Court of Clark County, Nevada (the “Derivative Lawsuit”). The Weich complaint named as defendants certain members of the Company’s Board of Directors and its Chief Executive Officer Wesley Cummins and purports to name the Company’s then Chief Financial Officer David Rench as a defendant. The complaint asserted claims for breach of fiduciary duties, corporate waste and unjust enrichment based upon allegations that the defendants caused or allowed the Company to make materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business, operations, and compliance policies. Specifically, the complaint alleged that the Company overstated the profitability of the Data Center Hosting Business and its ability to successfully transition into a low-cost cloud services provider and that the Board was not “independent” within the meaning of Nasdaq listing rules. On February 27, 2024, the derivative plaintiff filed an amended complaint asserting the same claims as the original complaint.
On June 5, 2024, following briefing and argument on the defendants’ motion to dismiss the Derivative Lawsuit, the Court entered an order granting the defendants’ motion without prejudice and dismissing all claims against all defendants,
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
including the Company, on the grounds that the plaintiff failed to plead (1) demand futility as to each of plaintiff’s claims or (2) a claim for breach of fiduciary duty. The order dismissed all claims against all defendants, including the Company. The plaintiff can seek leave to file an amended complaint but to date has not done so.
The Company is unable to estimate a range of loss, if any, that could result were there to be an adverse final decision in this action. If an unfavorable action were to occur, it is possible that the impact could be material to the Company’s results of operations in the period(s) in which any such outcome becomes probable and estimable.
As of August 31, 2026, there were no other pending or threatened lawsuits that could reasonably be expected to have a material effect on the results of the Company’s consolidated operations. There are also no legal proceedings in which any of the Company’s management or affiliates is an adverse party or has a material interest adverse to the Company’s interest.
19. Business Segments
As discussed above, prior to the Business Combination, the Cloud Services Business was identified as a reportable segment. Following the consummation of the Business Combination in May 2026, which resulted in the formation of ChronoScale, the Cloud Services Business is no longer a reportable segment because its activities are not regularly reviewed by the CODM, which is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, for purposes of resource allocation and performance assessment. As such, the results of ChronoScale, inclusive of the Cloud Services Business, which is now part of ChronoScale, are included in Other and are not separately presented as a segment for all periods presented.
The Company's business is made up of two operating segments: the Data Center Hosting Business and the HPC Hosting Business. These segments represent management's view of the business for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the CODM.
The Company's CODM evaluates performance and makes operating decisions primarily based on revenue and segment profit (loss) on a consolidated basis and for each of the Company's reportable segments. Operating results by segment include costs or expenses directly attributable to each segment, which include selling, general, and administrative expenses, loss on classification of held for sale and loss on abandonment of assets. The Company derives the segment results from its internal management reporting system. The accounting policies the Company uses to derive reportable segment results are the same as those used for external reporting purposes. Segment revenues and segment profit are regularly reviewed by the CODM and compared against historical results, forecast and budget information in order to make decisions about how to allocate capital and other resources to each segment.
The Company does not allocate interest expense, interest income, loss on change in fair value of derivatives, loss on change in fair value of investment, other expense, net or income tax expense to these segments for internal reporting purposes, as the Company does not believe that allocating these expenses is beneficial in evaluating segment performance. The "Other" includes corporate related items not allocated to reportable segments for purposes of making operating decisions or assessing financial performance.
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
The following tables present segment information, including revenue by segment and segment profit (loss) for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025 (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 | |||||||||||
Data Center Hosting Business | HPC Hosting Business | ||||||||||
| Revenue: | |||||||||||
| Services and other revenue | $ | 37,755 | $ | 183,518 | |||||||
| Data center rental and other revenue | — | 79,120 | |||||||||
| Total segment revenue | 37,755 | 262,638 | |||||||||
| Costs and expenses: | |||||||||||
| Services and other cost of revenue | 23,978 | 176,100 | |||||||||
| Data center rental and other cost of revenue | — | 43,861 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative (1) | 450 | 9,246 | |||||||||
| Total costs and expenses | 24,428 | 229,207 | |||||||||
| Segment profit | $ | 13,327 | $ | 33,431 | |||||||
(1)Does not include selling, general and administrative expense that is not allocated to reportable segments, such as certain amounts of stock-based compensation, personnel expenses, and professional service expenses.
| Three Months Ended August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||
Data Center Hosting Business | HPC Hosting Business | ||||||||||
| Revenue: | |||||||||||
| Services and other revenue | $ | 37,921 | $ | 26,296 | |||||||
| Data center rental and other revenue | — | — | |||||||||
| Total segment revenue | 37,921 | 26,296 | |||||||||
| Costs and expenses: | |||||||||||
| Services and other cost of revenue | 30,409 | 25,044 | |||||||||
| Data center rental and other cost of revenue | — | 140 | |||||||||
Selling, general and administrative (1) | 965 | 1,894 | |||||||||
Loss on abandonment of assets | 512 | 1,240 | |||||||||
| Total costs and expenses | 31,886 | 28,318 | |||||||||
| Segment profit (loss) | $ | 6,035 | $ | (2,022) | |||||||
(1)Does not include selling, general and administrative expense that is not allocated to reportable segments, such as certain amounts of stock-based compensation, personnel expenses, and professional service expenses.
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
The following tables present the reconciliation to net loss before income tax expense (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment profit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data Center Hosting Business | $ | 13,327 | $ | 6,035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| HPC Hosting Business | 33,431 | (2,022) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment profit | 46,758 | 4,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other (1) | (109,137) | (13,775) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss | (62,379) | (9,762) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 77,383 | 8,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | (35,821) | (857) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of derivatives | 49,511 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of investment | 11,352 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense, net | 1,311 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss before income tax expense | $ | (166,115) | $ | (16,918) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Other includes corporate related items not allocated to reportable segments and ChronoScale.
We also provide the following additional segment disclosures (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data Center Hosting Business | $ | 2,386 | $ | 3,391 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HPC Hosting Business | 22,900 | 698 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other (1) | 16,626 | 63 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total depreciation and amortization (2) | $ | 41,912 | $ | 4,152 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Other includes corporate related items not allocated to reportable segments and ChronoScale.
(2)Includes amortization of the finance lease right-of-use assets.
Information on segment assets and a reconciliation to consolidated assets are as follows (in thousands):
| August 31, 2026 | May 31, 2026 | ||||||||||
Data Center Hosting Business | $ | 111,850 | $ | 113,788 | |||||||
HPC Hosting Business | 10,805,831 | 8,999,081 | |||||||||
| Total segment assets | 10,917,681 | 9,112,869 | |||||||||
Other (1) | 789,495 | 816,443 | |||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 11,707,176 | $ | 9,929,312 | |||||||
(1)Other includes corporate related items not allocated to reportable segments and ChronoScale.
20. Loss Per Share
Basic net income (loss) per share (“EPS”) of common stock is computed by dividing a company’s net earnings (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if the securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of the entity.
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. The table below shows the calculation for earnings per share:
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (184,055) | $ | (16,926) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest | (51,484) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends | (1,543) | (1,576) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | $ | (237,082) | $ | (18,502) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | (221,028) | $ | (18,502) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | (16,054) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (237,082) | $ | (18,502) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | (0.76) | $ | (0.07) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | (0.06) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share | $ | (0.82) | $ | (0.07) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding | 291,557,618 | 255,892,902 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, the Company had approximately 15.2 million and 14.4 million shares, respectively, of granted but unvested performance stock units and restricted stock units that would have a potentially dilutive effect on earnings per share.
As of August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, the Company had approximately 7.5 million and 4.4 million shares, respectively, associated with the Company’s preferred stock which have been excluded from the calculation of earnings per share because the effect of those shares would be antidilutive. Additionally, the Company had approximately 28.1 million and 25.5 million warrants outstanding as of August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively, which have been excluded from the calculations of earnings per share because the effect of those shares would be antidilutive. Lastly, if the Company's Convertible Notes were converted into shares of the Company's common stock as of August 31, 2026, approximately 46.1 million shares were excluded from the calculations of earnings per share because the effect of those shares would be antidilutive.
21. Subsequent Events
Series G
Subsequent to the quarter, 128,750 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were converted into an aggregate of 5.2 million shares of the Company’s common stock.
Sale of Legacy Ekso Business
On September 30, 2026, ChronoScale, through its wholly-owned subsidiary ChronoScale Intermediate LLC, completed the sale of its legacy Ekso business through two related transactions: Ekso and its wholly-owned German subsidiary sold substantially all of the assets of Ekso’s “EksoWorks” industrial exoskeleton business, including the EVO product line, to DynaWear Tech, Inc. under an asset purchase agreement, and immediately thereafter, ChronoScale Intermediate LLC sold all of the outstanding capital stock of Ekso, which held the remaining neuro-rehabilitation business, to WanderEkso Inc., a subsidiary of Wandercraft SAS, under a stock purchase agreement.
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APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026
Base Electron Power Purchase Agreement
On October 4, 2026, the Company entered into a Power Purchase Agreement with Base Electron, for the purchase of capacity and energy from an approximately 1,200 MW natural gas-fired generation facility to be developed by Base Electron in North Dakota, which is intended to provide dedicated generation for the Company’s Polaris Forge 3 campus expansion.
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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. You can identify these forward-looking statements through our use of words such as “will,” “may,” “can,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “should,” “indicate,” “would,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “expect,” “seek,” “estimate,” “continue,” “plan,” “point to,” “project,” “predict,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “potential” and other similar words and expressions of the future. Statements that contain these words and other statements that are forward-looking in nature should be read carefully because they discuss future expectations, contain projections of future results of operations or of financial positions, or state other “forward-looking” information.
These statements are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions, which are based on currently available information. Our actual results, and the assumptions on which we relied, could prove materially different from our expectations. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Except as otherwise may be required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or actual operating results. There are a number of important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statement made by us. These factors include, but are not limited to:
•our ability to complete construction of our data center campuses;
•our dependence on principal customers, including our ability to execute leases with key customers;
•availability of financing to continue to grow our business;
•labor and other workforce shortages and challenges;
•power or other supply disruptions and equipment failures;
•the addition or loss of significant customers or material changes to our relationships with these customers;
•delays or denials of entitlements or permits, including zoning, siting, utility and other permits, or other delays resulting from requirements of public agencies and utility companies;
•our sensitivity to general economic conditions including changes in disposable income levels and consumer spending trends;
•our ability to timely and successfully build new data center facilities with the appropriate contractual margins and efficiencies; and
•uncertainties of regulation policy.
You should carefully review the risks described in Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2026, which was filed with the SEC on July 29, 2026, as well as any other cautionary language in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as the occurrence of any of these events could have an adverse effect, which may be material, on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
A comparison of our results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended August 31, 2025 can be found under “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on October 9, 2025.
During the fiscal year 2026, we completed the contribution of our Cloud Services Business to ChronoScale (as defined below), formerly Ekso (as defined below). As a result of this transaction, certain prior-period amounts presented in this Quarterly Report have been recast to conform to the current period presentation. The recast primarily reflects changes associated with the transaction, including revisions to the presentation of certain historical financial statement line items and related disclosures. As a result, certain fiscal quarter 2025 amounts presented in this Quarterly Report differ from the amounts previously reported in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2025.
Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties, nor are we able to assess the impact of all of these risk factors on our business or the extent to which any risk factor, or combination of risk factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. These risks are not exhaustive.
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Executive Overview
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Business Overview
We are a U.S. designer, developer, and operator of high-performance, sustainably engineered data centers and colocation services for artificial intelligence (“AI”), networking, and blockchain workloads. We provide digital infrastructure solutions to the rapidly growing industries of high-performance computing (“HPC”) and AI. We operate in two distinct business segments, data center hosting (the "Data Center Hosting Business") and HPC data center hosting (the “HPC Hosting Business”), both of which are included in our unaudited consolidated financial statements, as further discussed below. Management considers the Data Center Hosting Business and the HPC Hosting Business to be our core operations for long-run strategic and performance evaluation purposes.
We consolidate entities that meet the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary or entities that meet the definition of a voting interest entity (“VOE”). The Company consolidates a VIE where it has been determined that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the entity's operation in accordance with ASC Topic 810, Consolidations. The primary beneficiary is the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. In evaluating whether the Company is the primary beneficiary, the Company evaluates its power to direct the most significant activities of the VIE by considering the purpose and design of the entity and the risks the entity was designed to create and pass through to its variable interest holders. The Company also evaluates its economic interests in the VIE.
On May 5, 2026, we completed the separation of our cloud services business. As of August 31, 2026 we owned approximately 96% of the outstanding common stock of ChronoScale Holdings Corporation (“ChronoScale”). We consolidate ChronoScale under the voting interest model because we hold a controlling financial interest. The ownership interests in ChronoScale not attributable to us are presented as noncontrolling interests in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Trends and Other Factors Affecting Our Business
Regulatory Environment
The regulatory landscape surrounding AI and blockchain hosting services is evolving rapidly, and we anticipate increased scrutiny and potential regulation in the near and long term. Any such developments may significantly impact our business and operations in ways that are difficult to predict.
Governments and regulatory bodies are considering measures to ensure the responsible development and deployment of AI systems, including transparency, accountability, and fairness guidelines. For example, in the U.S Senate, committees of jurisdiction have passed several AI bills that establish industry standards and impose significant obligations in relation to the use of AI systems. On the state level, several U.S. states have considered AI legislation, which aims to reduce risk associated with the use of AI; while certain states have passed comprehensive AI legislation. A number of states have recently issued moratoriums on future AI data centers while other states are considering the same. In Europe, the EU AI Act has been adopted, portions of which have started to take effect, with other portions continuing to take effect over the next several years.
The amount of energy used for AI and crypto mining has also received significant attention. The U.S. Energy Information Administration has recently launched surveys relating to electricity consumption from both data centers and cryptocurrency mining in the U.S. Certain U.S. states have also conducted similar studies. This indicates that more focus is being placed on the energy usage of these activities. It is unclear how the information collected will be used for future regulations, but it is expected that energy efficiency and sustainability will be critical factors regulating our industries. While there is currently insufficient support for any particular proposal, we expect that regulatory efforts in this area will continue to evolve and potentially impact our business.
As a company operating at the intersection of data center and HPC hosting services, we are committed to maintaining a proactive and adaptive approach to regulatory compliance. We closely monitor legislative and regulatory developments and engage in dialogue with relevant stakeholders to ensure our business practices align with the evolving legal and regulatory framework. Despite the uncertainties posed by the changing regulatory landscape, we remain committed to delivering
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innovative and responsible solutions in the data center and HPC hosting markets while prioritizing compliance and risk management. However, if we fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations, we may be subject to significant liabilities, including fines and penalties, and our business, financial condition, or results of operations could be adversely affected.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In connection with the preparation of our financial statements, we are required to make assumptions and estimates about future events and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and the related disclosures. We base our assumptions, estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends and other factors that management believes to be relevant at the time our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared. On a regular basis, management reviews the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgments to ensure that our financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material. Our critical accounting estimates are identified and described in our annual consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.
Business Update
HPC Hosting Business
Our HPC Hosting Business designs, constructs, and operates next-generation data centers, which are designed to provide massive computing power and support HPC applications within a cost-effective model.
In the prior fiscal year, we commenced operations at our first HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus in Ellendale, North Dakota, with 100 MW of capacity. During the quarter, we began commencing operations at our second HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus, which reached its full 150MW of capacity as of the date of filing of this Form 10-Q.
Our third HPC building at our Polaris Forge 1 campus, which is expected to provide an additional 150MW of capacity, is currently under construction. We anticipate reaching full ready for service in calendar year 2027.
Our two buildings at our Polaris Forge 2 campus, with an aggregate 300MW of capacity, are currently under construction. We anticipate reaching initial ready for service in the second half of calendar year 2026 and full capacity in early calendar year 2027.
Our two buildings at our Polaris Forge 3 campus, with an aggregate 300MW capacity, are currently under construction. We anticipate reaching initial ready for service in the second half of calendar year 2027 and full capacity in the second half of calendar year 2028.
Our two buildings at our Delta Forge 1 campus, with an aggregate 300MW capacity, are currently under construction. We anticipate reaching initial ready for service in the first half of calendar year 2027 and full capacity in early calendar 2028.
On June 5, 2026, we entered into an approximately 15-year lease (with three five-year renewal options) with a high investment-grade hyperscaler at our Delta Forge 2 campus located in our southern region, comprising a single 210 MW building under construction. The lease is for the full 210 MW of critical IT load, representing approximately $5.2 billion of contracted revenue over the base term, with expected delivery in the first half of calendar year 2028.
We recognized $262.6 million in revenue from this business segment during the three months ended August 31, 2026, with $183.5 million related to services and other revenue and $79.1 million related to data center rental and other revenue.
Data Center Hosting Business
Our Data Center Hosting Business provides energized infrastructure services to crypto mining customers. Our custom-designed data centers allow customers to rent space based on their power requirements. As of August 31, 2026, our 106 MW facility in Jamestown, North Dakota and our 180 MW facility in Ellendale, North Dakota continue to operate at full capacity.
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We recognized $37.8 million in revenue from this business segment during the three months ended August 31, 2026.
ChronoScale
In the prior fiscal year, we completed the separation of our cloud business in a series of transactions. As of August 31, 2026, we own approximately 96% of the issued and outstanding equity of ChronoScale Holdings Corporation ("ChronoScale Holdings"). ChronoScale Holdings owns and operates our historic cloud business through its wholly owned subsidiary, ChronoScale Corporation, and is consolidated into our financial statements.
The cloud business currently operates in three states: Colorado, Minnesota and Utah. This business provides cloud services to customers, such as AI and machine learning developers by renting space at third party co-location centers and providing the customers with access to its cloud computing equipment. Additionally, effective in the first quarter of fiscal year 2027, ChronoScale Holding’s cloud business provides AI infrastructure, or GPU-related, hardware, and ancillary support and maintenance services, through resale arrangements.
On July 1, 2026, we completed a holding company formation transaction (the “Holding Company Transaction”) that created the new parent holding company as the public company, with its operating companies as wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Applied Digital Cloud Corporation, which changed its name to ChronoScale Corporation. We effected the holding company structure to better reflect our individual operating businesses, which allows for and can accommodate future growth from internal operations and generally provides for greater administrative and operational flexibility. ChronoScale Holdings has the exact same classes and number of shares outstanding after the Holding Company Transaction as its predecessor had outstanding immediately before the Holding Company Transaction, and as such, the shareholders of ChronoScale Corporation prior to the Holding Company Transaction were not diluted as a result thereof. Following the Holding Company Transaction, ChronoScale Holdings became the successor issuer to ChronoScale and continues to trade on Nasdaq under the ticker symbol “CHRN” with the same CUSIP.
On August 6, 2026, ChronoScale entered into a two-year strategic partnership with Microsoft to support the planned development of approximately 50 MW of AI compute capacity. On August 24, 2026, ChronoScale entered into a one-year extension of such strategic partnership, resulting in a total of a three-year service term. Upon projected completion, the deployment is expected to expand available compute capacity and further strengthen ChronoScale’s digital infrastructure supporting AI and cloud computing applications.
Debt and Equity Offerings and Changes to Equity
Cloud SAFE Payoff
During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2025, we entered into two Simple Agreements for Future Equity (“SAFEs”) with an investor for equity in Cloud, which was, at that time, our wholly-owned subsidiary, for aggregate proceeds of $12.0 million. On June 2, 2026, following an agreement reached with the investor, we paid off all amounts outstanding under the SAFEs, totaling $13.3 million.
$1.59 Billion Senior Secured Notes due 2031
On June 16, 2026, APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC refinanced the Bridge Facility with the closing of a $1.59 billion offering (the “2031 7.000% Notes Offering”) of 7.000% senior secured notes due 2031 (the “2031 7.000% Notes”) at an issue price of 100.000% of par. The 2031 7.000% Notes are senior secured obligations of APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC and bear interest at a rate of 7.000% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2026. The principal amount of the 2031 7.000% Notes will amortize on a semi-annual basis on June 15 and December 15 of each year, pursuant to the terms and amounts set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture. The 2031 7.000% Notes will mature on June 15, 2031, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms. The 2031 7.000% Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the subsidiary guarantors, all of which are wholly owned subsidiaries of APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC. The Company provided a customary completion guarantee for the 2031 7.000% Notes Offering.
Series G Preferred Stock
On June 26, 2026, we entered into the sixth amendment to the PEPA to increase the aggregate commitment amount under the PEPA for the issuance of shares of Series G Preferred Stock from $1,590,000,000 to $2,000,000,000.
As Series G Preferred Stock may be reissued, during the three months ended August 31, 2026, we issued and sold 283,250 shares of Series G Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $275.0 million. During the three months ended August 31, 2026,
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154,500 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were converted into 4.5 million shares of our common stock. As of August 31, 2026, 128,750 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.
Satisfaction of Escrow Release Condition for 6.750% Senior Secured Notes due 2031
On June 18, 2026, APLD ComputeCo 2 satisfied the escrow release condition under the escrow agreement for the 2031 6.750% Notes and executed and delivered to the escrow agent an escrow release certificate directing the escrow agent to release the funds in the escrow account to APLD ComputeCo 2 and apply such funds in accordance with the escrow agreement and the indenture for the 2031 6.750% Notes.
Upsize of 2026 Revolving Credit Facility
On June 26, 2026, in connection with the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility, the Company, APLD Intermediate HoldCo, and certain subsidiaries of APLD Intermediate HoldCo entered into an Incremental Assumption Agreement No. 1 (the “Incremental Assumption Agreement”), with First National Bank of Omaha (in its capacities as administrative agent and collateral agent under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility) and the lenders and issuing banks party thereto, providing for an Incremental Revolving Facility Commitment (as defined in the Incremental Assumption Agreement) in an aggregate principal amount of up to $80.0 million (the “Incremental Revolving Financing”). After giving effect to the Incremental Assumption Agreement, the aggregate revolving commitments under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility increased to $430.0 million, with an additional $120 million accordion option remaining. The Incremental Revolving Financing constitutes a part of the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility and is subject to the terms and conditions of the Revolving Credit Agreement and the other loan documents entered into in connection therewith.
Loan and Security Agreement
On June 30, 2026, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the "Texas Capital Loan Agreement") with Texas Capital Bank ("Texas Capital") and a related Promissory Note in favor of Texas Capital in the stated principal amount of $58.5 million (the "Texas Capital Note"). The Texas Capital Loan Agreement contains standard terms, conditions and covenants. Interest is payable on the Texas Capital Note at the sum of an adjusted term SOFR plus an applicable margin. The Texas Capital Note matures on June 30, 2031.
Series E and Series E-1 Redemptions
During the three months ended August 31, 2026, 276,673 shares of Series E Preferred Stock were redeemed as well as 78 shares of Series E-1 Preferred Stock.
Recent Developments
Series G
Subsequent to the quarter, 128,750 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were converted into an aggregate of 5.2 million shares of the Company’s common stock.
Sale of Legacy Ekso Business
On September 30, 2026, ChronoScale, through its wholly-owned subsidiary ChronoScale Intermediate LLC, completed the sale of its legacy Ekso business through two related transactions: Ekso and its wholly-owned German subsidiary sold substantially all of the assets of Ekso’s “EksoWorks” industrial exoskeleton business, including the EVO product line, to DynaWear Tech, Inc. under an asset purchase agreement, and immediately thereafter, ChronoScale Intermediate LLC sold all of the outstanding capital stock of Ekso, which held the remaining neuro-rehabilitation business, to WanderEkso Inc., a subsidiary of Wandercraft SAS, under a stock purchase agreement.
Base Electron Power Purchase Agreement
On October 4, 2026, the Company entered into a Power Purchase Agreement with Base Electron, for the purchase of capacity and energy from an approximately 1,200 MW natural gas-fired generation facility to be developed by Base Electron in North Dakota, which is intended to provide dedicated generation for our Polaris Forge 3 campus expansion.
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Results of Operations
Comparative Results for the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025:
The following table sets forth key components of the results of operations (in thousands) during the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025.
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services and other revenue | $ | 262,755 | $ | 80,934 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data center rental and other revenue | 79,120 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 341,875 | 80,934 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services and other cost of revenue | 245,709 | 58,831 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data center rental and other cost of revenue | 43,862 | 140 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative (1) | 114,683 | 29,482 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on abandonment of assets | — | 2,243 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total costs and expenses | 404,254 | 90,696 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss | (62,379) | (9,762) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 77,383 | 8,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income (2) | (35,821) | (857) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of derivatives | 49,511 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of investment | 11,352 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense, net | 1,311 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss before income tax expense | (166,115) | (16,918) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | 1,886 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations | (168,001) | (16,926) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from discontinued operations | (16,054) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | (184,055) | (16,926) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest | (51,484) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends | (1,543) | (1,576) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | $ | (237,082) | $ | (18,502) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | (221,028) | $ | (18,502) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | (16,054) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | (237,082) | $ | (18,502) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Continuing operations | $ | (0.76) | $ | (0.07) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discontinued operations | (0.06) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted net loss per share | $ | (0.82) | $ | (0.07) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding | 291,557,618 | 255,892,902 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Amounts (3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted revenue | $ | 300,393 | $ | 64,216 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income (loss) | $ | 37,816 | $ | (3,616) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted operating margin | 13 | % | (6) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Adjusted net loss from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders | $ | (4,053) | $ | (7,570) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net loss from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders per diluted share | $ | (0.01) | $ | (0.03) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other Financial Data (3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA | $ | (72,625) | $ | (18,140) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
as a percentage of adjusted revenue | (24) | % | (28) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 64,412 | $ | 537 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
as a percentage of adjusted revenue | 21 | % | 1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net operating income | $ | 58,829 | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net operating income margin | 89 | % | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes related party selling, general and administrative expense of $49.7 thousand and $74.3 thousand for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively. See Note 7 - Related Party Transactions for further discussion of related party transactions.
(2)Includes related party income of $0.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026. See Note 7 - Related Party Transactions for further discussion of related party transactions.
(3)Adjusted Amounts and Other Financial Data are non-GAAP performance measures. These non-GAAP measures exclude the results of the Cloud Services Business. A reconciliation of reported amounts to adjusted amounts can be found in the "Non-GAAP Measures and Reconciliation" section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis.
Commentary on Results of Operations Comparative Results for the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 compared to the Three Months Ended August 31, 2025
Revenue
Services and other revenue increased $181.8 million, or 225%, from $80.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $262.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026. The increase was primarily due to an increase in tenant fit-out services of approximately $157.2 million. This revenue also consisted of approximately $23.0 million in GPU hardware sales related to ChronoScale. The remaining increase in services and other revenue was due to performance improvements in Data Center Hosting Business and ChronoScale during the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2025.
Data center rental and other revenue was $79.1 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to no revenue for the three months ended August 31, 2025, as our HPC Hosting Business commenced operations in the second half of the fiscal year 2026, resulting in approximately $65.8 million related to base rent, net of $0.9 million in amortization of customer lease incentives, and $13.3 million related to tenant recoveries.
Cost of revenues
Services and other cost of revenues increased $186.9 million, or 318%, from $58.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $245.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026. The increase in services and other cost of revenues was due to the following changes:
•approximately $151.1 million increase in expenses associated with tenant fit-out services for our HPC Hosting Business;
•approximately $22.4 million in cost of revenue associated with GPU hardware sales related to ChronoScale, which commenced during the current fiscal quarter;
•approximately $14.2 million increase in depreciation and amortization expense due to the Cloud Services Business no longer being classified as held for sale;
•approximately $3.6 million increase in lease and lease related expenses primarily related to ChronoScale’s operating leases; and
•approximately $0.3 million increase in personnel expenses and other costs due to the increases in headcount as well as other related costs directly supporting revenue.
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These increases were partially offset by a decrease of approximately $4.7 million in energy costs associated with our Data Center Hosting Business and other costs directly supporting revenue.
Data center rental and other cost of revenue increased by $43.7 million, from $0.1 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $43.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 as the Company’s HPC hosting operations were not fully commenced during the first fiscal quarter 2026. The increase in data center rental and other cost of revenue was categorized as follows:
•approximately $22.4 million increase in depreciation and amortization associated with our HPC Hosting Business;
•approximately $13.3 million increase in expenses which are reimbursable as tenant recoveries;
•approximately $5.6 million increase in rental property operating expenses, which are not eligible for recovery from our tenant;
•approximately $1.3 million increase in property insurance expenses associated with our HPC Hosting Business; and
•approximately $0.8 million increase in property tax expenses associated with our HPC Hosting Business.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense increased $85.2 million, or 289%, from $29.5 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $114.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense was categorized as follows:
•approximately $51.7 million increase in stock based compensation primarily due to an increase in shares awarded related to the increase in headcount and increase in performance stock awards granted in the period after the three months ended August 31, 2025;
•approximately $12.1 million increase in professional service expense primarily related to legal services provided on discrete transactions and projects, as well as general support of the business;
•approximately $9.9 million increase in personnel expenses related to the increase in headcount;
•approximately $9.5 million increase in other selling, general, and administrative expense such as travel, computer and software expenses; and
•approximately $2.0 million increase in lease and lease related expense primarily related to ChronoScale’s operating leases.
Loss on abandonment of assets
Loss on abandonment of assets was $2.2 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025, driven by the write down of assets to their fair value upon disposal. There was no such loss recorded in the current year comparative period.
Interest expense
Interest expense increased $69.4 million, or 866%, from $8.0 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025, to $77.4 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026. As we entered into more debt arrangements, there was an increase of approximately $66.4 million in interest expense, approximately $2.8 million in loan issuance discount, and approximately $2.4 million in loan issuance cost. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $2.2 million in finance lease interest associated with the renegotiation of the majority of our finance leases during fiscal year ended May 31, 2026.
Interest income
Interest income increased $35.0 million, or 4,080%, from $0.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $35.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 due to an increase in funds held in interest-bearing accounts.
Loss on change in fair value of derivatives
Loss on the change in fair value of derivatives was $49.5 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026, due a decrease of $56.1 million in the fair value of our Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc. (“B&W”) common stock warrant and an increase of $6.6 million in the fair value of the derivative assets related to the preferred units and corresponding common units held by APLD HPC TopCo 2’s redeemable noncontrolling interest. There was no such loss recorded in the prior year comparative period.
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Loss on change in fair value of investment
Loss on change in fair value of investment was $11.4 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026, due to a decrease in fair value of our investment in B&W common stock. There was no such loss recorded in the prior year comparative period.
Other expense, net
Other expense, net was $1.3 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and consisted of a loss of approximately $1.3 million due to the settlement of the SAFEs as a result of an agreement reached with the investor offset by a gain on the fair value of warrants issued to third parties. There was no such activity recorded in the prior year comparative period.
Income tax expense
Income tax expense was $1.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026, compared to nominal expense for the three months ended August 31, 2025. This change was driven by an increase in current federal and state income tax expense during the current fiscal quarter.
Net loss from discontinued operations
Net loss from discontinued operations was $16.1 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and represents the income statement activity related to the Ekso business at ChronoScale classified as held for sale and discontinued operations. There was no such activity in the prior year comparative period.
Comparative Segment Data for the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025:
The following table sets forth the operating (loss) profit for each of our segments for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025 (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment profit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data Center Hosting Business | $ | 13,327 | $ | 6,035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
HPC Hosting Business | 33,431 | (2,022) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total segment profit | $ | 46,758 | $ | 4,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commentary on Segment Data Comparative Results for the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 compared to the Three Months Ended August 31, 2025
Data Center Hosting Business
Operating Profit
Data Center Hosting Business operating profit increased $7.3 million, or 121%, from $6.0 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $13.3 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 primarily due to a decrease of $6.4 million in cost of revenues due to more advantageous power pricing when compared to the to the three months ended August 31, 2025.
HPC Hosting Business
Operating Profit
HPC Hosting Business operating profit increased $35.5 million, or 1,753%, from a loss of $2.0 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to a profit of $33.4 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026. The change is primarily due to revenue generated from the first two buildings at our Polaris Forge 1 campus, as well as tenant fit-out services performed, net of expenses during the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2025.
Non-GAAP Measures
To supplement our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements presented under GAAP, we are presenting certain non-GAAP financial measures. We are providing these non-GAAP financial measures to disclose additional
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information to facilitate the comparison of past and present operations by providing perspective on results absent one-time or significant non-cash items. We utilize these measures in the business planning process to understand expected operating performance and to evaluate results against those expectations. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures, when considered together with our GAAP financial results, provide management and investors with an additional understanding of our core business operating results regarding factors and trends affecting our business and provide a reasonable basis for comparing our ongoing results of operations. Management considers the Data Center Hosting Business and the HPC Hosting Business to be our core operations for long-run strategic and performance evaluation purposes. Accordingly, these non-GAAP financial measures exclude the results of our consolidated subsidiary, ChronoScale. ChronoScale is included in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and results of continuing operations. Due to its strategic role relative to the Company’s core business, management believes the ChronoScale results may obscure underlying trends in the performance of core operations when included in certain non-GAAP measures.
These non-GAAP financial measures are provided as supplemental measures to our performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP and therefore, are not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable GAAP measures. Excluding the results of ChronoScale in our non-GAAP financial measures removes revenues and expenses that are part of the Company’s consolidated results and continuing operations and should not be viewed as measures or reflections of liquidity or profitability in accordance with GAAP. Further, these non-GAAP financial measures have no standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles. Because of the non-standardized definitions of non-GAAP financial measures, we caution investors that the non-GAAP financial measures as used by us in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have limits in their usefulness to investors and may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be directly comparable to, similarly titled measures used by other companies. Further, investors should be aware that when evaluating these non-GAAP financial measures, these measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. In addition, from time to time in the future there may be items that we may exclude for purposes of our non-GAAP financial measures and we may in the future cease to exclude items that we have historically excluded for purposes of our non-GAAP financial measures. Likewise, we may determine to modify the nature of the adjustments to arrive at our non-GAAP financial measures. Investors should review the non-GAAP reconciliations provided below and not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.
Adjusted Revenue
“Adjusted revenue” is a non-GAAP financial measure that represents total revenue excluding ChronoScale revenue.
Adjusted Operating Income (Loss), Adjusted Net Loss from Continuing Operations, and Adjusted Net Loss from Continuing Operations per Diluted Share
“Adjusted operating income (loss)” and “Adjusted net loss from continuing operations” are non-GAAP financial measures that represent operating income and net income (loss) from operations excluding ChronoScale, respectively. Adjusted operating income (loss) is Operating loss excluding operating (loss) income from ChronoScale, stock-based compensation, non-recurring repair expenses, diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses, litigation expenses, non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives, loss on abandonment of assets, restructuring expenses and other non-recurring expenses that management believes are not representative of our expected ongoing costs. Adjusted net loss from continuing operations is Adjusted operating income (loss) further adjusted for interest expense directly attributable to ChronoScale, loss on change in fair value of derivatives, and loss on change in fair value of investment. We define “Adjusted net loss from continuing operations per diluted share” as Adjusted net loss from continuing operations divided by weighted average diluted share count.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
“EBITDA” is defined as earnings before interest expense, interest income, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization and excluding results of ChronoScale. “Adjusted EBITDA” is defined as EBITDA adjusted for stock-based compensation, non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives, non-recurring repair expenses, diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses, litigation expenses, loss on abandonment of assets, loss on change in fair value of derivatives, loss on change in fair value of investments, restructuring expenses, and other non-recurring expenses that management believes are not representative of our expected ongoing costs.
Net Operating Income
"Net Operating Income" is a non-GAAP financial measure that represents base rental revenue from the HPC Hosting Business. Net Operating Income is HPC Hosting Business base rental revenue, excluding the non-cash amortization of one-
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time customer lease incentives provided at contract inception, less rental property operating expenses, property taxes, and property insurance expenses. "Net Operating Income Margin" is defined as Net Operating Income divided by HPC Hosting Business base rental revenue.
Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures
(In thousands, except percentage data)
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted revenue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenue (GAAP) | $ | 341,875 | $ | 80,934 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: ChronoScale revenue | (41,482) | (16,718) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted revenue (Non-GAAP) | $ | 300,393 | $ | 64,216 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income (loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss (GAAP) | $ | (62,379) | $ | (9,762) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss from ChronoScale | 25,354 | (12,531) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation (1) | 59,391 | 14,446 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-recurring repair expenses (2) | 72 | 173 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses (3) | 11,911 | 1,196 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation expenses (4) | 1,177 | 190 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives | 854 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on abandonment of assets | — | 1,751 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring expenses (5) | 129 | 431 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other non-recurring expenses (6) | 1,307 | 490 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income (loss) (Non-GAAP) | $ | 37,816 | $ | (3,616) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted operating margin | 13 | % | (6) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net loss from continuing operations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations (GAAP) | $ | (168,001) | $ | (16,926) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss from ChronoScale | 25,354 | (12,531) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest expense directly attributable to ChronoScale | 1,557 | 3,210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation (1) | 59,391 | 14,446 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-recurring repair expenses (2) | 72 | 173 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses (3) | 11,911 | 1,196 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation expenses (4) | 1,177 | 190 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives | 854 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on abandonment of assets | — | 1,751 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of derivatives | 49,511 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of investment | 11,352 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring expenses (5) | 129 | 431 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other non-recurring expenses (6) | 2,640 | 490 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net loss from continuing operations (Non-GAAP) | $ | (4,053) | $ | (7,570) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding (Non-GAAP) | 291,557,618 | 255,892,902 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net loss from continuing operations per diluted share (Non-GAAP) | $ | (0.01) | $ | (0.03) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss from continuing operations (GAAP) | $ | (168,001) | $ | (16,926) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating loss from ChronoScale | 25,354 | (12,531) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Interest expense | 77,383 | 8,013 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | (35,821) | (857) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax (benefit) expense | 1,886 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 26,574 | 4,153 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EBITDA (Non-GAAP) | $ | (72,625) | $ | (18,140) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation (1) | 59,391 | 14,446 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-recurring repair expenses (2) | 72 | 173 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diligence, acquisition, disposition, and integration expenses (3) | 11,911 | 1,196 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation expenses (4) | 1,177 | 190 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives | 854 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of derivatives | 49,511 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on change in fair value of investment | 11,352 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on abandonment of assets | — | 1,751 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring expenses (5) | 129 | 431 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other non-recurring expenses (6) | 2,640 | 490 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) | $ | 64,412 | $ | 537 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Operating Income | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HPC Hosting Business base rental revenue (GAAP) | $ | 65,800 | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives | 854 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rental property operating expenses | (5,726) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property taxes | (821) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property insurance expenses | (1,278) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Operating Income (Non-GAAP) | $ | 58,829 | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Operating Income margin | 89 | % | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Represents stock-based compensation expense and employment taxes incurred in connection with the vesting of stock-based awards.
(2)Represents costs incurred for the non-recurring repair and replacement of equipment at our data center facilities.
(3)Represents legal, accounting and consulting costs incurred in association with certain discrete transactions and projects.
(4)Represents non-recurring litigation expense associated with our defense of class action lawsuits and legal fees related to matters with certain former employees. We do not expect to incur these expenses on a regular basis.
(5)Represents non-recurring expenses associated with employee separations.
(6)Represents expenses that are not representative of our expected ongoing costs.
Funding Requirements
We have experienced net losses through the period ended August 31, 2026. Our transition to profitability is dependent on the successful operation of our business.
We expect to have sufficient liquidity, including cash on hand, payments from customers, access to debt financing, and access to public capital markets, to support ongoing operations and meet our working capital needs for at least the next 12 months and all of our known requirements and plans for cash. However, we may be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such arrangements when needed on favorable terms, or at all, which would have a negative impact on our financial condition and could force us to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our ongoing operations and development plans. We have based our estimates as to how long we expect we will be able to fund our operations on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect, in which case, we would be required to obtain additional financing sooner than currently projected, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. Our failure to raise capital as and when needed would have a negative impact on our financial condition and our ability to pursue our business strategy.
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We expect that our general and administrative expenses and our operating expenditures will continue to increase as we continue to expand our operations. We believe that the significant investments in property and equipment will remain throughout fiscal year 2027 as we continue construction of our HPC hosting facilities.
Sources of Liquidity
Our primary capital requirements are to fund the development and expansion of our data center infrastructure, support working capital needs, cover operating expenses, and finance capital expenditures associated with technology upgrades and facility enhancements. As of August 31, 2026, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $2.9 billion and restricted cash of $728.0 million. Historically, we have incurred losses and have relied on equity and debt financings to fund our operations. We have primarily generated cash in the last 12 months from the proceeds of our term loans, issuances of preferred stock, senior secured notes (issued by our subsidiaries), debt facilities and the receipt of contractual deposits and revenue payments from customers.
We believe that existing cash balances, cash flows from operations, existing debt facilities, and access to capital markets will provide sufficient liquidity to meet our debt obligations, including any repayment of debt or refinancing of debt, working capital needs, planned capital expenditures, and other contractual obligations, for at least the next twelve months.
Recent Financing Activities
See Note 9 - Debt in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on our term loans and other debt instruments.
7.000% Senior Secured Notes due 2031
On June 16, 2026, APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC refinanced the Bridge Facility with the closing of a $1.59 billion offering (the “2031 7.000% Notes Offering”) of 7.000% senior secured notes due 2031 (the “2031 7.000% Notes”) at an issue price of 100.000% of par. The 2031 7.000% Notes are senior secured obligations of APLD ComputeCo 3 and bear interest at a rate of 7.000% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2026. The principal amount of the 2031 7.000% Notes will amortize on a semi-annual basis on June 15 and December 15 of each year, pursuant to the terms and amounts set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture. The 2031 7.000% Notes will mature on June 15, 2031, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms. The 2031 7.000% Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the subsidiary guarantors, all of which are wholly owned subsidiaries of APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC. The Company provided a customary completion guarantee for the 2031 7.000% Notes Offering.
Series G Convertible Preferred Stock
During the three months ended August 31, 2026, the Company issued and sold 283,250 shares of Series G Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $275.0 million. During the three months ended August 31, 2026, 154,500 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were converted into 4.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock. As of August 31, 2026, 128,750 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.
Upsize of 2026 Revolving Credit Facility
On June 26, 2026, in connection with the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility, the Company, APLD Intermediate HoldCo, and certain subsidiaries of APLD Intermediate HoldCo entered into an Incremental Assumption Agreement No. 1 (the Incremental Assumption Agreement”), with First National Bank of Omaha (in its capacities as administrative agent and collateral agent under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility) and the lenders and issuing banks party thereto, providing for an Incremental Revolving Facility Commitment (as defined in the Incremental Assumption Agreement) in an aggregate principal amount of up to $80.0 million (the “Incremental Revolving Financing”). After giving effect to the Incremental Assumption Agreement, the aggregate revolving commitments under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility increased to $430.0 million, with an additional $120.0 million accordion option remaining. The Incremental Revolving Financing constitutes a part of the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility and is subject to the terms and conditions of the Revolving Credit Agreement and the other loan documents entered into in connection therewith.
As of August 31, 2026, approximately $241.0 million of standby letters of credit were outstanding under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility. Refer to Note 9 - Debt in the accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
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Loan and Security Agreement
On June 30, 2026, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the "Texas Capital Loan Agreement") with Texas Capital Bank ("Texas Capital") and a related Promissory Note in favor of Texas Capital in the stated principal amount of $58.5 million (the "Texas Capital Note"). The Texas Capital Loan Agreement contains standard terms, conditions and covenants. Interest is payable on the Texas Capital Note at the sum of an adjusted term SOFR plus an applicable margin. The Texas Capital Note matures on June 30, 2031.
Material Contractual Obligations
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into contractual arrangements that require future cash payments. The following table sets forth information regarding our anticipated future cash payments under our contractual obligations as of August 31, 2026 (in thousands):
| Payments Due by Period | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | Remainder of FY 2027 | FY 2028 | FY 2029 | FY 2030 | FY 2031 | Thereafter | |||||||||||||||||
Debt obligations(1) | $ | 6,721,605 | $ | 108,739 | $ | 221,545 | $ | 341,453 | $ | 354,294 | $ | 4,256,666 | $ | 1,438,908 | |||||||||
Interest on debt obligations(2) | 2,156,434 | 326,507 | 490,014 | 464,054 | 437,126 | 391,956 | 46,777 | ||||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligations(3) | 69,074 | 16,036 | 23,967 | 18,391 | 4,812 | 1,315 | 4,553 | ||||||||||||||||
Financing lease obligations(4) | 48,342 | 37,374 | 10,968 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Power commitments(5) | 12,121 | 12,121 | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
Preferred share dividends(6) | 31,999 | 4,174 | 5,565 | 5,565 | 5,565 | 5,565 | 5,565 | ||||||||||||||||
(1)Debt obligations presented in the table reflect scheduled principal payments related to our outstanding debt as described in Note 9 - Debt to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
(2)Estimated interest payments on our debt obligations include estimated future interest payments based on the terms of the debt agreements. See Note 9 - Debt to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
(3)Operating lease obligations include future minimum payments for our operating leases.
(4)Financing lease obligations include future minimum payments for our finance leases.
(5)Power commitments represents our obligation related to the energy services agreement for our Jamestown, North Dakota co-hosting facility payable. See Note 18 - Commitments and Contingencies to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
(6)Preferred share dividends represent estimated future dividend payments per year in accordance with preferred stock that has been issued. The estimated future dividend payments will continue until preferred stock is redeemed.
Summary of Cash Flows
The following table provides information about our net cash flow for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively.
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| $ in thousands | August 31, 2026 | August 31, 2025 | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 63,921 | $ | (81,531) | |||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (2,082,879) | (249,914) | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by financing activities | 1,543,472 | 322,236 | |||||||||
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash | (475,486) | (9,209) | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period, including cash from discontinued operations | 4,153,431 | 123,318 | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period, including cash from discontinued operations | $ | 3,677,945 | $ | 114,109 | |||||||
| Less: Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash from discontinued operations | $ | 2 | $ | — | |||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash from continued operations | $ | 3,677,943 | $ | 114,109 | |||||||
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Commentary on the change in cash flows between the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 and Three Months Ended August 31, 2025
Operating Activities
The net cash provided by (used in) operating activities changed by $145.5 million, or 178%, from $81.5 million used in operating activities for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $63.9 million provided by operating activities for the three months ended August 31, 2026. Activities that positively impacted operating cash flows during the three months ended August 31, 2026 included stock-based compensation, loss on change in fair value of derivatives, loss on change in fair value of investment, loss on classification of held for sale and non-cash interest expense. Other impacts included changes in operating assets and liabilities primarily affected by changes in the timing and quantity of services provided and associated working capital needs.
Investing Activities
The net cash used in investing activities increased by $1.8 billion, or 733%, from $249.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025, to $2.1 billion for the three months ended August 31, 2026. This increase was primarily due to an increase of approximately $1.8 billion in investments in property and equipment during the three months ended August 31, 2026 as our payments in the current period for construction of each of our Polaris Forge 1, Polaris Forge 2, Polaris Forge 3, Delta Forge 1, and Delta Forge 2 campus data center facilities increased as well as investment in companies.
Financing Activities
The net cash provided by financing activities increased by $1.2 billion, or 379%, from $322.2 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $1.5 billion for the three months ended August 31, 2026. The primary reason for the change was an increase in the net borrowings of long-term debt of $1.6 billion from the issuance of our 2031 Notes as well as an our draw on the 2026 Revolver of $82.4 million. Additionally, there was an increase in receipt of net proceeds from offerings of our preferred stock of approximately $104.5 million during the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2025. These increases were partially offset by an increase of $313.5 million in repayments of long-term debt as well as a decrease of $196.4 million in proceeds from common stock during the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2025.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no material changes in our exposure to market risk from the information provided in Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2026.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain a system of disclosure controls and procedures that is designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of August 31, 2026, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended August 31, 2026, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II - Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may become involved in legal proceedings.
The Company, Wes Cummins, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, and David Rench, the Company's then Chief Financial Officer, have been named as defendants in a putative securities class action lawsuit in the matter styled, McConnell v. Applied Digital Corporation, et al., Case No. 3:23-cv-1805, filed in August 2023 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas (the “Securities Lawsuit”). Specifically, the complaint asserts claims pursuant to Section 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 based on allegedly false or misleading statements regarding the company’s business, operations, and compliance policies, including claims that the Company overstated the profitability of its Data Center Hosting Business and its ability to successfully transition into a low-cost cloud services provider and that the Company’s board of directors was not “independent” within the meaning of Nasdaq listing rules. On May 22, 2024, the court appointed lead plaintiff and approved lead counsel, and on July 22, 2024, Lead Plaintiff filed an amended complaint which asserts the same claims based on similar allegations in the original complaint. On September 20, 2024, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On November 20, 2024, Lead Plaintiff filed his opposition to the Motion to Dismiss. On January 3, 2025, the defendants filed their reply in further support of the Motion to Dismiss. On September 8, 2025, the Court issued an order staying the Securities Lawsuit and administratively closing it pending resolution of the Motion to Dismiss. See discussion in Note 18 - Commitments and Contingencies.
The Company is unable to estimate a range of loss, if any, that could result were there to be an adverse final decision in the Securities Lawsuit. If an unfavorable action were to occur, it is possible that the impact could be material to the Company’s results of operations in the period(s) in which any such outcome becomes probable and estimable.
Derivative Lawsuit
On November 15, 2023, a derivative action was filed in the matter styled, Weich v. Cummins, et al., Case No. A-23-881629-C in the District Court of Clark County, Nevada (the “Derivative Lawsuit”). The Weich complaint named as defendants certain members of the Company’s Board of Directors and its Chief Executive Officer Wesley Cummins and purports to name the Company’s then Chief Financial Officer David Rench as a defendant. The complaint asserted claims for breach of fiduciary duties, corporate waste and unjust enrichment based upon allegations that the defendants caused or allowed the Company to make materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business, operations, and compliance policies. Specifically, the complaint alleged that the Company overstated the profitability of the Data Center Hosting Business and its ability to successfully transition into a low-cost cloud services provider and that the Board was not “independent” within the meaning of Nasdaq listing rules. On February 27, 2024, the derivative plaintiff filed an amended complaint asserting the same claims as the original complaint.
On June 5, 2024, following briefing and argument on the defendants’ motion to dismiss the Derivative Lawsuit, the Court entered an order granting the defendants’ motion without prejudice and dismissing all claims against all defendants, including the Company, on the grounds that the plaintiff failed to plead (1) demand futility as to each of plaintiff’s claims or (2) a claim for breach of fiduciary duty. The order dismissed all claims against all defendants, including the Company. The plaintiff can seek leave to file an amended complaint but to date has not done so.
The Company is unable to estimate a range of loss, if any, that could result were there to be an adverse final decision in this action. If an unfavorable action were to occur, it is possible that the impact could be material to the Company’s results of operations in the period(s) in which any such outcome becomes probable and estimable.
There are no other pending lawsuits that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the results of the Company’s consolidated operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
As of the date of this filing, there have been no material changes to the risk factors associated with our business previously disclosed in the “Risk Factors” section in Part I, Item 1A, of our Annual Report on 2026 Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2026.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
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Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Base Electron Power Purchase Agreement
On October 4, 2026, the Company entered into a Power Purchase Agreement and a related credit support agreement with Base Electron for the purchase of capacity and energy from an approximately 1,200 MW natural gas-fired generation facility to be developed by Base Electron in Center, North Dakota, which is intended to provide dedicated generation for the Company's Polaris Forge 3 campus. The Power Purchase Agreement has a 15-year delivery term and provides for fixed monthly payments based on target contract capacity, and may be terminated by Base Electron if financial close for the facility has not occurred by March 31, 2027. The Power Purchase Agreement and the credit support agreement were approved by the Company's Board of Directors following review and recommendation by the Board's Base Electron Related Party Transaction Committee.
As of October 4, 2026, the Company owned approximately 10% of Base Electron. Base Electron is an independent power producer formed for the purpose of developing and operating dedicated power generation infrastructure for high-density AI data center campuses. It is owned and managed by certain officers and directors of the Company, including Messrs. Cummins and Zhang and Dr. Nottenburg, acting in their individual capacities, as well as numerous third parties. In addition, Messrs. Cummins and Zhang serve as the Chief Executive Officer, and President and Secretary of Base Electron, respectively.
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Item 6. Exhibits
EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit Number | Description of Document | ||||
| 4.1 | |||||
| 4.2 | |||||
| 10.1† | |||||
| 10.2^ | |||||
| 10.3^ | |||||
| 31.1* | |||||
| 31.2* | |||||
| 32.1** | |||||
| 32.2** | |||||
| 101.INS* | Inline XBRL Instance Document. | ||||
| 101.SCH* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | ||||
| 101.CAL* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 101.DEF* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 101.LAB* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 101.PRE* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 104* | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). | ||||
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
^ The schedules to this agreement have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Company hereby agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule to the SEC upon request.
† Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Dallas, Texas on October 7, 2026.
| APPLIED DIGITAL CORPORATION | ||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ Wes Cummins | |||||||||||||
| Name: Wes Cummins | ||||||||||||||
| Title: Chief Executive Officer, Secretary and Treasurer (Principal Executive Officer) | ||||||||||||||
| By: | /s/ Saidal Mohmand | |||||||||||||
Name: Saidal Mohmand | ||||||||||||||
Title: Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) | ||||||||||||||
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